Table 1.
Anthropometric and metabolic characteristics of the study subjects.
| Lean subjects n = 100 |
Obese subjects n = 100 |
t/z | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 30 ± 7 | 36 ± 8 | -5.1 | < 0.00001 |
| Weight (kg) | 62 ± 9 | 91 ± 14 | -10.5 | < 0.0001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.5 ± 2 | 34 ± 4 | -16.0 | < 0.0001 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 107 ± 10 | 114 ± 9 | -2.6 | 0.01 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 71 ± 8 | 77 ± 6.5 | -3.2 | 0.001 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 85 ± 11 | 91 ± 12 | -1.1 | NS |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 175 ± 32 | 184 ± 36 | -0.4 | NS |
| HDL-c (mg/dL) | 57 ± 14 | 46 ± 14 | 3.9 | 0.001 |
| LDL-c (mg/dL) | 98 ± 29 | 105 ± 41 | -1.02 | NS |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 89 (61–123) | 138 (95–180) | -2.98 | < 0.01 |
| Insulin (µIU/mL) | 8.5 (6–10) | 15 (10–21) | -4.32 | < 0.0001 |
| Acylated ghrelin (pg/mL) | 112 (84–160) | 76 (37–132) | -2.78 | < 0.01 |
| Leptin (ng/mL) | 16 (8–30) | 47 (27–65) | -3.68 | < 0.001 |
| HOMA-IR | 1.7 (1.3–2.2) | 3.0 (2.3–5) | -4.2 | < 0.0001 |
| MNA-1 (ng/mL) | 9 (8–15) | 13 (8–21) | -2.1 | NS |
| REE (Kcal/day) | 1,510 ± 278 | 1745 ± 364 | -3.5 | < 0.001 |
The values are expressed as the means ± SD or medians and interquartile range. The differences between lean and obese subjects were evaluated using Student’s t-test or Mann–Whitney U test. SBP = systolic blood pressure, DBP = diastolic blood pressure, BMI = body mass index, HDL = high-density lipoproteins, LDL = low-density lipoproteins, HOMA-IR = homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance, MNA-1 = N1-methylnicotinamide, REE = resting energy expenditure. P values adjusted for the effects of age.