Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the subjects according to hematocrit levels.
| Variables | Total (n = 807) |
Hematocrit < 37.0% (n = 111) |
Hematocrit 37.0–39.9% (n = 138) |
Hematocrit 40.0–42.9% (n = 221) |
Hematocrit 43.0–45.9% (n = 214) |
Hematocrit 46.0–48.9% (n = 91) |
Hematocrit 49.0% ≤ (n = 32) |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, year | 62 ± 14 | 71 ± 12 | 67 ± 11 | 62 ± 13 | 59 ± 14 | 55 ± 14 | 54 ± 12 | < 0.01 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24.7 ± 3.9 | 23.1 ± 3.6 | 24.1 ± 3.2 | 24.6 ± 3.5 | 25.1 ± 4.4 | 25.9 ± 3.5 | 26.9 ± 4.4 | < 0.01 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 134 ± 19 | 135 ± 21 | 133 ± 19 | 132 ± 18 | 134 ± 19 | 135 ± 20 | 141 ± 20 | 0.17 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 80 ± 12 | 75 ± 12 | 78 ± 11 | 80 ± 12 | 81 ± 12 | 83 ± 12 | 85 ± 12 | < 0.01 |
| Heart rate, bpm | 70 ± 13 | 68 ± 13 | 70 ± 12 | 70 ± 13 | 70 ± 13 | 73 ± 13 | 72 ± 11 | 0.08 |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.86 ± 0.96 | 4.58 ± 0.83 | 4.71 ± 0.88 | 4.84 ± 0.93 | 5.09 ± 0.96 | 5.12 ± 0.93 | 5.09 ± 1.16 | < 0.01 |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.70 ± 1.20 | 1.46 ± 1.10 | 1.47 ± 0.98 | 1.64 ± 1.04 | 1.76 ± 1.05 | 2.09 ± 1.64 | 2.59 ± 2.07 | < 0.01 |
| HDL cholesterol, mmol/L | 1.47 ± 0.44 | 1.50 ± 0.49 | 1.55 ± 0.49 | 1.42 ± 0.44 | 1.47 ± 0.39 | 1.37 ± 0.36 | 1.37 ± 0.34 | 0.01 |
| LDL cholesterol, mmol/L | 2.84 ± 0.85 | 2.46 ± 0.78 | 2.66 ± 0.75 | 2.84 ± 0.83 | 3.05 ± 0.91 | 3.05 ± 0.85 | 2.92 ± 0.75 | < 0.01 |
| Glucose, mmol/L | 6.77 ± 2.50 | 6.99 ± 2.89 | 6.94 ± 2.22 | 6.72 ± 2.33 | 6.49 ± 2.00 | 6.61 ± 2.39 | 7.99 ± 5.11 | 0.05 |
| Hemoglobin A1c, % | 5.8 ± 1.0 | 6.1 ± 1.5 | 5.8 ± 0.8 | 5.7 ± 0.8 | 5.8 ± 0.8 | 5.9 ± 1.1 | 6.3 ± 1.8 | 0.04 |
| BUN, mmol/L | 5.71 ± 1.93 | 7.50 ± 2.93 | 6.43 ± 2.03 | 5.36 ± 1.39 | 5.36 ± 1.39 | 5.36 ± 1.39 | 5.71 ± 1.93 | < 0.01 |
| Creatinine, mmol/L | 81.3 ± 25.6 | 100.8 ± 46.0 | 82.2 ± 27.4 | 78.7 ± 15.0 | 74.3 ± 17.7 | 76.9 ± 15.9 | 84.0 ± 18.6 | < 0.01 |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 71 ± 20 | 59 ± 23 | 69 ± 21 | 71 ± 15 | 78 ± 19 | 77 ± 18 | 69 ± 16 | < 0.01 |
| Medical history, n (%) | ||||||||
| Hypertension | 627 (77.7) | 88 (79.3) | 118 (85.5) | 174 (78.7) | 151 (70.6) | 67 (73.6) | 29 (90.6) | < 0.01 |
| Dyslipidemia | 496 (61.5) | 69 (62.2) | 82 (59.4) | 135 (61.1) | 129 (60.3) | 58 (63.7) | 23 (71.9) | 0.84 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 269 (33.3) | 47 (42.3) | 43 (31.2) | 69 (31.2) | 69 (32.2) | 30 (33.0) | 11 (34.4) | 0.42 |
| Previous coronary heart disease | 171 (21.2) | 36 (32.4) | 44 (31.9) | 46 (20.8) | 21 (9.8) | 14 (15.4) | 10 (31.3) | < 0.01 |
| Previous stroke | 70 (8.7) | 19 (17.1) | 17 (12.3) | 14 (6.3) | 11 (5.1) | 6 (6.6) | 3 (9.4) | < 0.01 |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 188 (23.3) | 18 (16.2) | 17 (12.3) | 40 (18.1) | 66 (30.8) | 34 (37.4) | 13 (40.6) | < 0.01 |
| Medication, n (%) | ||||||||
| Antiplatelets | 225 (27.9) | 53 (47.8) | 51 (37.0) | 58 (26.2) | 41 (19.2) | 16 (17.6) | 6 (18.8) | < 0.01 |
| Calcium channel blockers | 377 (46.7) | 53 (47.8) | 71 (51.5) | 104 (47.1) | 92 (43.0) | 40 (44.0) | 17 (53.1) | 0.65 |
| ACEI or ARB | 319 (39.5) | 56 (50.5) | 71 (51.5) | 93 (42.1) | 56 (26.2) | 28 (30.8) | 15 (46.9) | < 0.01 |
| β-blockers | 194 (24.0) | 36 (32.4) | 42 (30.4) | 58 (26.2) | 32 (15.0) | 19 (20.9) | 7 (21.9) | < 0.01 |
| Diuretics | 105 (13.0) | 24 (21.6) | 23 (16.7) | 26 (11.8) | 13 (6.1) | 14 (15.4) | 5 (15.6) | < 0.01 |
| Statins | 287 (35.6) | 51 (46.0) | 56 (40.6) | 76 (34.4) | 57 (26.6) | 36 (39.6) | 11 (34.4) | 0.01 |
| Medically treated diabetes mellitus | ||||||||
| Any | 176 (21.8) | 31 (27.9) | 31 (22.5) | 43 (19.5) | 46 (21.5) | 22 (24.2) | 3 (9.4) | 0.23 |
| Insulin dependent | 24 (3.0) | 9 (8.1) | 6 (4.4) | 3 (1.4) | 2 (0.9) | 2 (2.2) | 2 (6.3) | < 0.01 |
HDL indicates high-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein, BUN blood urea nitrogen, eGFR estimated-glomerular filtration rate, ACEI angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB angiotensin II receptor blocker.
Results are presented as means ± SD for continuous variables and percentages for categorical variables.