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. 2020 Jul 10;11:3416. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-17161-0

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — a Effect of matrix stiffness on organoid formation efficiency. Graphs show individual data points derived from n = 3 independent experiments and means ± s.d. (P < 0.0001). b Representative image of organoids 3 days after embedding in PEG-RGD hydrogels of indicated stiffness. c Gene expression was analysed by qRT-PCR in liver organoids 6 days after embedding in PEG-RGD hydrogels with indicated stiffness. Graphs show individual data points derived from n = 3 independent experiments and means ± s.d. (P = 0.0088; 0.0077). d Schematic representation of cellular mechano-signalling pathways. Inhibitors of key elements are depicted in red. e Effect of indicated inhibitors on organoid formation efficiency in soft (300 Pa) and physiologically stiff (1.3 kPa) PEG-RGD hydrogels. CFU (colony forming unit). Graphs show individual data points derived from n = 3 independent experiments and means ± s.d. (P < 0.0001). f Effect of indicated inhibitors on organoid formation efficiency in physiologically stiff (1.3 kPa) PEG-RGD hydrogels. CFU (colony forming unit). Graphs show individual data points derived from n = 3 independent experiments and means ± s.d. (P = 0.0198; 0.0003). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 one-way Anova (a, f) or two-way Anova (c, e). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.