Fig. 4. Sensitivity and precision analysis.

Sensitivity of growing colony detection using our trained neural network for aK. pneumoniae, bE. coli, and cK. aerogenes. d Precision of growing colony detection using our trained neural network for all three species. The pink arrow indicates the time for late “wake-up” behaviour for some of the E. coli colonies. e Characterizing the growth speed of chlorine-stressed E. coli using our system. There was an ~2 h delay in colony formation for chlorine-stressed E. coli (orange curve) compared to the unstressed E. coli strain (blue curve). The error bars show the standard deviation values across multiple plates