Table 4.
Changes in strength measurements (mean ± SD)
| Study | Sample size (n =) | Measurement of strength | Mean change in strength (SD) | Significant improvement |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pineda-Juarez et al. [29] |
I: 29 C: 26 |
Handgrip (dominant arm; kg) |
I: + 8.0 (− 6.8 to 15.3)a C: + 11.4 (3.6 to 21.4)a |
I: No—P > 0.05 C: No—P > 0.05 Inter-group: Not reported |
| Wu et al. [30] |
I: 14 C: 12 |
Isometric leg extension—peak torque/BW (%) |
I: 196.0 ± 37.4 to 206.0 ± 41.2 C: 177.0 ± 62.4 to 200.0 ± 69.3 |
I: No—P > 0.05 C: No—P > 0.05 Inter-group: No—P > 0.05 |
| Isometric leg flexion—peak torque/BW (%) |
I: 90.0 ± 18.7 to 90.0 ± 18.7 C: 76.0 ± 20.8 to 90.0 ± 27.7 |
I: No–P > 0.05 C: No–P > 0.05 Inter-group: No–P > 0.05 |
||
| Isokinetic leg extension–peak torque/BW (%) |
I: 153.0 ± 29.9 to 160.0 ± 33.7 C: 147.0 ± 58.9 to 173.0 ± 69.3 |
I: No–P > 0.05 C: No–P > 0.05 Inter-group: No–P > 0.05 |
||
| Isokinetic leg flexion–peak torque/BW (%) |
I: 70.0 ± 18.7 to 77.0 ± 15.0 C: 61.0 ± 20.8 to 76.0 ± 31.2 |
I: No–P > 0.05 C: No–P > 0.05 Inter-group: No–P > 0.05 |
||
| George et al. [31] |
I: 3 C: 3 |
Handgrip (right arm; kg) |
I: + 1.8 ± 1.6 C: + 2.4 ± 2.1 |
I: No—P > 0.05 C: No—P > 0.05 Inter-group: No—P > 0.05 |
| Quadriceps Strength (kg) |
I: + 5.7 ± 1.0 C: + 10.2 ± 8.7 |
I: No—P > 0.05 C: No—P > 0.05 Inter-group: No—P > 0.05 |
Mean change refers to changes in a measurement that occurred between the baseline assessment, and the assessment that immediately followed supplement cessation
I intervention group, C control group, BW body weight
aInter-quartile range