Fig. 1.

Electrophysiological properties of T-type/Ca3 channels. a Illustration of the implication of Cav3.1 channels in rebound burst firing in thalamocortical relay neurons, as reported in [81]. Hyperpolarization deinactivates T-type channels, which promotes low-threshold spike and rebound burst firing. This firing activity in completely lost in thalamocortical relay neurons from Cav3.1^−/− mice (for details, see [81]). b Current traces for Cav3.1, Cav3.2, and Cav3.3 channels obtained in HEK-293 cells, illustrating their differences in inactivation kinetics (see [13, 28]). c Illustration of the Cav3 window current that occurs in the range of the resting membrane potential