Table 1.
Baseline characteristics according to incident AAA cases at follow-up on December 31, 2016 in the Malmö Diet and Cancer Cohort
| Variables | Incident AAA cases (n = 429) | Non-AAA cases (n = 25,704) | HR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Males (%) | 315 (73.4) | 9561 (37.2) | 4.75 (3.83–5.90) |
| Age (years) | 60.74 (8.82) | 57.80 (7.60) | 1.75 (1.57–1.94) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.60 (3.91) | 26.18 (3.80) | 1.07 (0.96–1.18) |
| Fibre (E%) | 1.63 (0.56) | 1.81 (0.54) | 0.71 (0.63–0.80) |
| Vegetables (g/1000 kcal) | 59.53 (48.20) | 74.50 (56.37) | 0.74 (0.65–0.85) |
| Fruits and berries (g/1000 kcal) | 52.26 (66.68) | 79.22 (75.72) | 0.70 (0.61–0.80) |
| Juice (g/1000 kcal) | 0.03 (25.92) | 0.31 (45.07) | 0.94 (0.83–1.05) |
| Whole grains (servings/1000 kcal) | 0.11 (0.25) | 0.15 (0.26) | 0.93 (0.83–1.04) |
| Refined grains (servings/1000 kcal) | 1.10 (0.68) | 1.07 (0.64) | 0.99 (0.90–1.09) |
| Potatoes (g/1000 kcal) | 58.25 (34.72) | 49.59 (35.30) | 1.18 (1.08–1.28) |
| Smoking status | |||
| Never | 49 (11.4) | 10,027 (39.0) | 1.00 |
| Current | 256 (59.7) | 7181 (27.9) | 9.21 (6.76–12.55) |
| Former | 124 (28.9) | 8466 (33.0) | 2.44 (1.75–3.41) |
| Cigarettes per day | |||
| Zero-consumption | 204 (47.6) | 19,230 (74.8) | 1.00 |
| Quintile 1 | 24 (5.6) | 1452 (5.6) | 2.14 (1.40–3.30) |
| Quintile 2 | 39 (9.1) | 1278 (5.0) | 4.59 (3.26–6.48) |
| Quintile 3 | 64 (14.9) | 1628 (6.3) | 6.34 (4.78–8.42) |
| Quintile 4 | 72 (16.8 | 1527 (5.9) | 6.88 (5.22–9.05) |
| Quintile 5 | 26 (6.1) | 589 (2.3) | 5.80 (3.83–8.80) |
| Alcohol consumption | |||
| Zero-consumption | 27 (6.3) | 1570 (6.1) | 1.00 |
| Quintile 1 | 83 (19.3) | 4715 (18.3) | 0.82 (0.53–1.27) |
| Quintile 2 | 77 (17.9) | 4760 (18.5) | 0.71 (0.46–1.10) |
| Quintile 3 | 90 (21.0) | 4867 (18.9) | 0.82 (0.53–1.27) |
| Quintile 4 | 71 (16.6) | 4883 (19.0) | 0.67 (0.43–1.04) |
| Quintile 5 | 81 (18.9) | 4909 (19.1) | 0.87 (0.56–1.35) |
| Education | |||
| Less than 9 years | 233 (54.3) | 10,500 (40.8) | 1.00 |
| Elementary school (9–10 years) | 89 (20.7) | 6815 (26.5) | 0.77 (0.60–0.98) |
| Upper secondary school (11–13 years) | 31 (7.2) | 2297 (8.9) | 0.58 (0.40–0.84) |
| University without a degree | 35 (8.2) | 2266 (8.8) | 0.76 (0.53–1.08) |
| University degree | 40 (9.3) | 3768 (14.7) | 0.58 (0.42–0.82) |
| Leisure-time physical activity | |||
| 0–7.5 MET-h/week | 55 (12.8) | 2390 (9.3) | 1.00 |
| 7.5–15 MET-h/week | 80 (18.6) | 3799 (14.8) | 0.89 (0.63–1.25) |
| 15–25 MET-h/week | 88 (20.5) | 5874 (22.9) | 0.62 (0.44–0.87) |
| 25–50 MET-h/week | 142 (33.1) | 9375 (36.5) | 0.60 (0.44–0.81) |
| > 50 MET-h/week | 60 (14.0) | 4091 (15.9) | 0.50 (0.35–0.73) |
| Hypertension | 381 (88.8) | 19,583 (76.2) | 1.72 (1.27–2.34) |
Data are expressed as: mean (SD), median (IQR) or n (%) for cases and non-cases. Diet variables are adjusted for age, sex, total energy intake, diet assessment method and season and expressed as median (IQR). HR per 1 SD increment was calculated for age, BMI and dietary intakes. HR for lifestyle factors were adjusted for age and sex