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. 2020 Jun 15;63(8):1648–1658. doi: 10.1007/s00125-020-05194-5

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — (a) Standardised associations (expressed as β with 95% CIs) of cardiometabolic risk factors and VPT. A higher threshold indicates worse score. (b) Standardised associations (expressed as ORs with 95% CIs) of cardiometabolic risk factors and neuropathic pain (OR >1 indicates greater likelihood for neuropathic pain). Associations in model 1 (grey) were adjusted for age, sex, height, educational level and skin temperature. Associations in model 2 (dark blue) were additionally adjusted for alcohol consumption, mobility limitations, CVD (history) and kidney function. In addition, all associations in model 2 were adjusted for each of the other risk factors with multivariate regression, with the exception of HbA_1c. Further, HbA_1c was not adjusted for fasting glucose