Table 2.
Mean DKA prevalence (per 100 people) at type 1 diabetes diagnosis across the study population, according to sex and age group
| Country | Female sex | Male sex | p valuea | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type 1 diabetes (n) | DKA prevalence (95% CI) | Type 1 diabetes (n) | DKA prevalence (95% CI) | ||
| 0.5–4.9 years | |||||
| Australia (ADDN) | 483 | 31.3 (26.3, 36.2) | 561 | 32.6 (27.9, 37.3) | 0.874 |
| Austria | 164 | 45.7 (35.4, 56.1) | 220 | 45.0 (36.2, 53.8) | 0.935 |
| Czechia | 275 | 34.5 (27.6, 41.5) | 316 | 34.5 (28.0, 41.0) | 0.989 |
| Denmark | 241 | 24.5 (18.2, 30.7) | 287 | 17.4 (12.6, 22.2) | 0.153 |
| Germany | 1948 | 33.0 (30.5, 35.6) | 2047 | 31.0 (28.6, 33.4) | 0.450 |
| Italy | 1115 | 51.0 (46.8, 55.2) | 1222 | 50.2 (46.2, 54.1) | 0.874 |
| Luxembourg | 13 | 76.9 (46.2, 95.5) | 24 | 54.2 (24.8, 83.5) | 0.450 |
| New Zealand (Auckland) | 56 | 28.6 (14.6, 42.6) | 63 | 22.2 (10.6, 33.8) | 0.694 |
| Norway | 288 | 24.3 (18.6, 30.0) | 345 | 26.7 (21.2, 32.1) | 0.747 |
| Slovenia | 60 | 53.3 (34.9, 71.8) | 71 | 35.2 (21.4, 49.0) | 0.145 |
| Sweden | 669 | 19.7 (16.4, 23.1) | 755 | 17.2 (14.3, 20.2) | 0.481 |
| USA (SEARCH) | 472 | 41.5 (35.7, 47.3) | 568 | 45.6 (40.1, 51.1) | 0.457 |
| UK (Wales) | 147 | 27.9 (19.4, 36.4) | 169 | 38.5 (29.1, 47.8) | 0.153 |
| All countries combined | 5931 | 35.2 (33.7, 36.7) | 6648 | 34.4 (33.0, 35.8) | 0.326 |
| 5–9.9 years | |||||
| Australia (ADDN) | 931 | 24.0 (20.8, 27.1) | 888 | 18.9 (16.1, 21.8) | 0.058 |
| Austria | 247 | 30.8 (23.9, 37.7) | 275 | 32.0 (25.3, 38.7) | 0.874 |
| Czechia | 433 | 25.9 (21.1, 30.7) | 453 | 25.4 (20.8, 30.0) | 0.935 |
| Denmark | 550 | 20.9 (17.1, 24.7) | 537 | 15.6 (12.3, 19.0) | 0.107 |
| Germany | 3528 | 25.4 (23.7, 27.0) | 3570 | 21.8 (20.3, 23.4) | 0.019 |
| Italy | 1937 | 37.2 (34.5, 39.9) | 2009 | 35.6 (33.0, 38.2) | 0.561 |
| Luxembourg | 33 | 54.5 (29.4, 79.7) | 35 | 31.4 (12.9, 50.0) | 0.162 |
| New Zealand (Auckland) | 119 | 22.7 (14.1, 31.2) | 111 | 18.9 (10.8, 27.0) | 0.747 |
| Norway | 591 | 21.5 (17.8, 25.2) | 620 | 14.8 (11.8, 17.9) | 0.030 |
| Slovenia | 82 | 48.8 (33.7, 63.9) | 91 | 25.3 (15.0, 35.6) | 0.026 |
| Sweden | 1154 | 14.9 (12.7, 17.1) | 1178 | 13.8 (11.6, 15.9) | 0.694 |
| USA (SEARCH) | 1056 | 37.2 (33.5, 40.9) | 985 | 32.2 (28.6, 35.7) | 0.083 |
| UK (Wales) | 318 | 17.3 (12.7, 21.9) | 262 | 26.7 (20.5, 33.0) | 0.047 |
| All countries combined | 10,979 | 27.1 (26.1, 28.1) | 11,014 | 24 (23.1, 24.9) | <0.001 |
| 10–14.9 years | |||||
| Australia (ADDN) | 753 | 22.8 (19.4, 26.3) | 812 | 25.1 (21.7, 28.6) | 0.561 |
| Austria | 255 | 44.7 (36.5, 52.9) | 343 | 35.0 (28.7, 41.2) | 0.083 |
| Czechia | 347 | 27.4 (21.9, 32.9) | 437 | 28.6 (23.6, 33.6) | 0.874 |
| Denmark | 689 | 22.9 (19.4, 26.5) | 780 | 21.9 (18.6, 25.2) | 0.874 |
| Germany | 3510 | 26.5 (24.8, 28.2) | 4524 | 27.5 (26.0, 29.0) | 0.561 |
| Italy | 1775 | 41.5 (38.5, 44.5) | 2259 | 39.6 (37.0, 42.2) | 0.481 |
| Luxembourg | 32 | 34.4 (14.1, 54.7) | 55 | 38.2 (21.9, 54.5) | 0.874 |
| New Zealand (Auckland) | 152 | 32.9 (23.8, 42.0) | 169 | 28.4 (20.4, 36.4) | 0.679 |
| Norway | 645 | 23.9 (20.1, 27.6) | 842 | 23.8 (20.5, 27.0) | 0.981 |
| Slovenia | 82 | 42.7 (28.6, 56.8) | 85 | 41.2 (27.6, 54.8) | 0.935 |
| Sweden | 1183 | 25.0 (22.2, 27.9) | 1518 | 24.3 (21.8, 26.8) | 0.874 |
| USA (SEARCH) | 1083 | 32.4 (29.0, 35.8) | 1321 | 38.2 (34.9, 41.6) | 0.030 |
| UK (Wales) | 363 | 23.7 (18.7, 28.7) | 414 | 24.6 (19.9, 29.4) | 0.874 |
| All countries combined | 10,869 | 29.3 (28.3, 30.3) | 13,559 | 29.8 (28.9, 30.7) | 0.444 |
ap value is adjusted for multiple testing using the Benjamini–Hochberg procedure and it compares DKA prevalence in female sex vs male sex