Table 2.
Associations between probiotic milk intake and breastfeeding complications and breastfeeding duration, n = 57,134 women
| Among non-consumers | Among probiotic milk consumers | Unadjusted | Adjusteda | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number (%) | Number (%) | OR (CI) | p | OR (CI) | p | |
| Mastitis | 2,818 (7.8) | 1,857 (8.9) | 1.16 (1.09–1.23) | < 0.001 | 1.09 (1.02–1.16) | 0.01 |
| Medication for mastitis | 1,892 (5.2) | 1,235 (5.9) | 1.14 (1.06–1.23) | 0.001 | 1.07 (1.00–1.15) | 0.09 |
| Sore nipples | 2,029 (5.6) | 1,566 (7.5) | 1.37 (1.28–1.46) | < 0.001 | 1.22 (1.14–1.31) | < 0.001 |
| Other breastfeeding problems | 2,053 (5.7) | 1,612 (7.7) | 1.39 (1.30–1.49) | < 0.001 | 1.22 (1.13–1.30) | < 0.001 |
| Any breastfeeding problems | 5,154 (14.2) | 3,634 (17.4) | 1.27 (1.21–1.33) | < 0.001 | 1.19 (1.10–1.21) | < 0.001 |
| Cessation of predominant breastfeeding before 4 months | 14,466 (39.9) | 7,769 (37.2) | 0.89 (0.86–0.92) | < 0.001 | 0.95 (0.91–0.96) | 0.006 |
| Cessation of any breastfeeding before 4 months | 4,758 (13.1) | 1,809 (8.7) | 0.63 (0.59–0.66) | < 0.001 | 0.79 (0.75–0.84) | < 0.001 |
aLogistic regression adjusted for maternal age, maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, maternal education, family income, maternal smoking, fibre intake, energy intake, non-probiotic yoghurt consumption, and non-probiotic milk consumption