Table 2.
Outcomes of the patients, serum pseudocholinesterase levels and atropine utilization
| Treatment pattern | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameter | ATR alone N = 134 n (%) |
ATR and PAM N = 189 n (%) |
ATR and GPR N = 33 n (%) |
ATR, PAM and GPR N = 85 n (%) |
p value |
| Primary outcome | |||||
| Survived | 115 (85.82%) | 167 (88.36%) | 29 (87.88%) | 64 (75.29%) | 0.041c |
| Expired | 19 (14.18%) | 22 (11.64%) | 4 (12.12%) | 21 (24.71%) | |
| Secondary outcomes | |||||
| Intubation | 55 (41.04) | 52 (27.51%) | 18 (54.55%) | 43 (50.59%) | < 0.001c |
| ICU days, mean (SD) | 9.49 (6.04) | 9.16 (5.72) | 11.63 (5.95) | 11.51 (7.80) | |
| ICU days, median (95% CI) | 8 (5–12) | 8 (6–11) | 12 (7–15) | 10 (6–15) | 0.022a |
| Days on ventilator, mean (SD) | 9.15 (6.72) | 8.80 (7.28) | 11.84 (4.18) | 10.71 (7.41) | |
| Days on ventilator, median (95% CI) | 8 (3.25–13) | 8 (4, 11) | 12 (7, 14) | 9.5 (5–14.75) | 0.030a |
| Hospitalization days, mean (SD) | 13.11 (8.33) | 12.39 (7.17) | 13.79 (7.68) | 15.16 (9.92) | |
| Hospitalization days, median (95% CI) | 11 (8.75–16) | 11 (8–15.5) | 13 (7–19) | 13 (8.5–19) | 0.168a |
| Poison Severity Score | |||||
| Minor | 78 (58.21) | 96 (50.79) | 21 (63.64) | 25 (29.41) | < 0.001c |
| Moderate | 25 (18.66) | 52 (27.51) | 7 (21.21) | 24 (28.24) | 0.237c |
| Severe | 12 (8.96) | 19 (10.05) | 1 (3.03) | 15 (17.65) | 0.077c |
| Fatal | 19 (14.18) | 22 (11.64) | 4 (12.12) | 21 (24.71) | 0.041c |
| Serum pseudo-cholinesterase levels | |||||
| Median (95% CI) (IU/L) | 601.5 (147.5–3316.75) | 258 (171–2767) | 742 (123–3184) | 242 (160–984) | 0.530a |
| Total dosage of ATR utilized | |||||
| Median (95% CI) (mg) | 454 (146.5–1362.54) | 491.3 (166.4–1281.58) | 687 (106.3–1971) | 864.55 (304.2–2010.4) | 0.016a |
| Total dosage of PAM utilized | |||||
| Median (95% CI) (gm) | NA | 4 (3–6) | NA | 6 (4–7) | < 0.001b |
| Total dosage of GPR utilized | |||||
| Median (95% CI) (mg) | NA | NA | 10.28 (3.6–65.2) | 21.2 (7.8–63.3) | 0.276b |
n number, % percentage, SD standard deviation, CI confidence interval, mg milligram, gm gram, IU/L international units per litre, NA not applicable, ATR atropine, PAM pralidoxime, GPR glycopyrrolate
aKruskal–Wallis test
bMann–Whitney pair-wise comparison test
cChi-Square test