Table 1.
Characteristics of Veterans Treated with Direct-Acting Antivirals for Chronic Hepatitis C Infection, by Weight Gain after 2 Years
| Characteristic | Overall (n = 11,469) | No gain ≥ 10 lbs (n = 9017) | Gain ≥ 10 lbs (n = 2452) | p valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic | ||||
| Male gender | 11,054 (96.4) | 8686 (96.3) | 2368 (96.6) | 0.56 |
| Age | ||||
| < 55 | 865 (7.5) | 656 (7.3) | 209 (8.5) | < 0.0001 |
| 55 to < 60 | 3067 (26.7) | 2333 (25.9) | 734 (29.9) | |
| 60 to < 65 | 4586 (40.0) | 3591 (39.8) | 995 (40.6) | |
| ≥ 65 | 2951 (25.7) | 2437 (27.0) | 514 (21.0) | |
| Race | ||||
| White | 6875 (59.9) | 5357 (59.4) | 1518 (61.9) | 0.03 |
| Black | 4018 (35.0) | 3214 (35.6) | 804 (32.8) | |
| Other | 576 (5.0) | 446 (5.0) | 130 (5.3) | |
| Liver- and Treatment-Related | ||||
| SVR achievement | 11,124 (97.0) | 8728 (96.8) | 2396 (97.7) | 0.02 |
| Viral genotypeb | ||||
| 1 | 9240 (85.2) | 7275 (85.3) | 1965 (84.8) | 0.31 |
| 2 | 962 (8.9) | 764 (9.0) | 198 (8.5) | |
| 3 | 521 (4.8) | 393 (4.6) | 128 (5.5) | |
| 4, 5, 6, or multiple | 125 (1.2) | 98 (1.2) | 27 (1.2) | |
| HCV viral load, log-transformed (IU/mL)b | 6.2 ± 0.8 | 6.2 ± 0.8 | 6.1 ± 0.8 | 0.005 |
| Sofosbuvir-based regimen | 9867 (86.0) | 7762 (86.1) | 2105 (85.9) | 0.77 |
| Fibrosis-4 scoreb | ||||
| < 1.45 | 1926 (17.0) | 1537 (17.2) | 389 (16.0) | < 0.0001 |
| 1.45 to 3.25 | 5126 (45.1) | 4134 (46.3) | 992 (40.7) | |
| > 3.25 | 4308 (37.9) | 3254 (36.5) | 1054 (43.3) | |
| Cirrhosis | 4418 (38.5) | 3355 (37.2) | 1063 (43.4) | < 0.0001 |
| Hepatocellular carcinoma | 470 (4.1) | 371 (4.1) | 99 (4.0) | 0.86 |
| Comorbidity | ||||
| Weight at treatment initiation (lbs) | 201.0 ± 10.1 | 199.5 ± 39.7 | 206.6 ± 41.3 | < 0.0001 |
| Weight class at treatment initiation | ||||
| Underweight | 68 (0.6) | 57 (0.6) | 11 (0.5) | < 0.0001 |
| Normal | 2459 (21.4) | 2011 (22.3) | 448 (18.3) | |
| Overweight | 4723 (41.2) | 3731 (41.4) | 992 (40.5) | |
| Class 1 obesity | 2824 (24.6) | 2192 (24.3) | 632 (25.8) | |
| Class 2 or 3 obesity | 1395 (12.2) | 1026 (11.4) | 369 (15.1) | |
| GFRb | ||||
| ≥ 60 | 10,357 (90.7) | 8134 (90.6) | 2223 (91.0) | 0.81 |
| 30 to < 60 | 984 (8.6) | 778 (8.7) | 206 (8.4) | |
| < 30 | 79 (0.7) | 64 (0.7) | 15 (0.6) | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 4101 (35.8) | 3202 (35.5) | 899 (36.7) | 0.29 |
| Alcohol usec | ||||
| None | 5059 (44.1) | 4019 (44.6) | 1040 (42.4) | 0.10 |
| Moderate use | 1293 (11.3) | 990 (11.0) | 303 (12.4) | |
| Hazardous use | 244 (2.1) | 186 (2.1) | 58 (2.4) | |
| Alcohol use disorder | 4873 (42.5) | 3822 (42.4) | 1051 (42.9) | |
| Smoking statusb | ||||
| Never smoked | 1676 (14.8) | 1299 (14.6) | 377 (15.5) | 0.35 |
| Current smoking | 6562 (57.8) | 5154 (57.8) | 1408 (58.0) | |
| Former smoking | 3110 (27.4) | 2466 (27.7) | 644 (26.5) | |
| Illicit drug use | 4832 (42.1) | 3838 (42.6) | 994 (40.5) | 0.07 |
| Depression/severe mental illness | 6308 (55.0) | 4988 (56.3) | 1320 (53.8) | 0.19 |
Categorical variables reported as n (column %), continuous variables as mean ± SD
ap value reported for Student’s t test, chi-square test, or Fisher’s exact test
bFrequency (%) of missing data: viral genotype, 621 (5.4%); viral load, 38 (0.3%); Fibrosis-4 score, 109 (1.0%); GFR, 49 (0.4%); smoking status, 121 (1.1%)
cAlcohol use categories: None, AUDIT-C score 0 without alcohol use disorder; Moderate use, non-elevated AUDIT-C score (< 4 for men, < 3 for women), without alcohol use disorder; Hazardous use, elevated AUDIT-C score; Alcohol use disorder, diagnosis of alcohol use disorder
AUDIT-C, Alcohol Use Disorders Identifications Test-Consumption; BMI, body mass index; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; SVR, sustained virologic response