Table 1.
Demographics and clinical characteristics of T2DM patients with and without kidney diseases.
| Variables | DM (n = 439)a | DKD (n = 379)a | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | 61.0 (54.0, 68.0) | 63.0 (54.0, 72.0) | 0.001 |
| Sex, male (%) | 58.77 (258/439) | 62.80 (238/379) | 0.240 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.34 (23.20, 27.68) | 25.80 (24.0, 28.23) | 0.007 |
| Duration of diabetes (y) | 13.0 (10.0, 18.0) | 14.0 (9.0, 20.0) | 0.242 |
| History of hypertension (%) | 49.66 (218/439) | 78.89 (299/379) | <0.001 |
| Currently smoking (%) | 27.79 (122/439) | 33.51 (127/379) | 0.076 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 126.0 (120.0, 140.0) | 138.0 (125.00, 150.0) | <0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 80.0 (70.0, 80.00) | 80.0 (74.0, 84.0) | 0.032 |
| A1C (%) | 7.90 (6.70, 9.30) | 7.50 (6.40, 9.20) | 0.025 |
| Hcy (μmol/L) | 11.46 (9.50, 13.42) | 13.44 (10.70, 16.94) | <0.001 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.14 (3.50, 4.86) | 4.25 (3.49, 5.06) | 0.031 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.01 (0.84, 1.22) | 0.96 (0.78, 1.18) | 0.185 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.38 (1.93, 2.97) | 2.39 (1.87, 3.00) | 0.690 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.43 (1.00, 2.19) | 1.72 (1.22, 2.57) | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; A1C: hemoglobin A1C; Hcy: homocysteine; TC: total cholesterol; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG: triglyceride. aData are shown as median (interquartile range) or %. P < 0.05 indicates statistical significance.