Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2020 Jun 24;12(6):1677. doi: 10.3390/cancers12061677

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

An integral vision of cancer biomarkers. TME elements are ultimately affected by systemic tumor macroenvironment (TMaE). The balance between them is a key determinant in tumor progression and aggressiveness. Therefore, analysis of this multi-level interaction could be beneficial for patient stratification and cancer therapy advancement and is also crucial for researchers in the field to improve current cancer models. Finally, emerging biomarkers need to be further explored and integrated to better understand the delicate information exchange occurring at the molecular/cellular/extracellular levels between the surrounding milieus. VDR: vitamin D3 receptor.