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. 2020 Jun 13;21(12):4213. doi: 10.3390/ijms21124213

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Characteristics of sponges. Macroscopic (A) and field-emission scanning electron microscopic (B) images of sponges. LS-G, LPS sustained-release gelatin sponges; LS-G+EGCG, LS-G chemically modified with EGCG. (C–E) Evaluation of cytotoxicity of LS-G and LS-G+EGCG in vitro. The osteoblastic cell line UMR106 was treated with or without the sponges for three days. Control, without the sponges. (C) Live and dead cell staining. Green, live cells; red, dead cells. (D) Apoptosis analysis. Green, apoptotic cells; blue, DAPI (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) staining representing nuclei. (E) Cell counting kit (CCK-8) colorimetric assay. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD), n = 4. N.S., not significant.