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. 2020 Jun 18;21(12):4348. doi: 10.3390/ijms21124348

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Expression of fold changes of renal (A) p21, (B) interleukin-6 (IL-6), (C) interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), (D) tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), (E) B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2), (F) Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), (G) caspase-3 (CASP-3), (H) Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1), (I) glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC), and (J) glutamate-cysteine ligase regulatory subunit (GCLM) mRNA levels: Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001 vs. control. ⁺ p < 0.05, ⁺⁺ p < 0.01, and ⁺⁺⁺ p < 0.001 vs. D-gal. ^x p < 0.05, ^xx p < 0.01, and ^xxx p < 0.001 vs. D-gal+Q25. Error bars represent mean ± SD. n = 5.