Figure 1.

Schematic diagram of the domain structure of RAC1: Different domains of RAC1 include Nucleotide Binding Sites (NBS), switch I, switch II, Poly-Basic Region (PBR), and the CAAX box. The most important missense mutations in the context of oncogenic transformation are presented in the box, and the positions are indicated with arrows. Switch I primarily interacts with downstream effectors of RAC1, e.g., IQGAP1 and proteins in the NADPH complex. Switch II interacts with the RAC1-activating protein, guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs). Switch II is the site where RAC1 becomes activated in its GTP-bound state. The diagram shows where effectors bind and where GEF proteins bind in switch I and II domains.