. 2020 Jun 4;12(6):1680. doi: 10.3390/nu12061680

Table 2.

Differences in body composition and physical fitness parameters among different adherences to the Mediterranean diet.

	Boys
	Prepubertal									Pubertal
	Low			Medium			High			Low			Medium			High
Body mass	34.80	±	12.18 ^c	38.37	±	11.42	40.35	±	11.63	59.44	±	14.97	57.72	±	13.81	60.61	±	13.14
BMI (kg/m²)	18.52	±	3.46	19.19	±	3.47	19.44	±	3.71	21.50	±	3.67	21.30	±	3.87	21.63	±	3.59
Fat mass (kg)	8.48	±	4.66	9.55	±	5.38	10.05	±	5.84	12.62	±	7.51	12.41	±	6.39	13.19	±	6.34
Fat mass (%)	23.11	±	5.99	23.66	±	6.46	23.58	±	7.04	20.32	±	6.53	20.56	±	6.36	20.97	±	6.31
Lean mass (kg)	24.87	±	7.72 ^bc	27.28	±	6.75 ^c	28.66	±	6.74	44.44	±	8.94	42.98	±	8.49	45.00	±	8.22
Lean mass (%)	72.57	±	5.58	72.19	±	6.05	72.29	±	6.61	75.61	±	6.23	75.34	±	6.00	74.98	±	5.98
Trunk fat (kg)	3.73	±	2.12	4.18	±	2.37	4.35	±	2.62	5.60	±	3.58	5.65	±	3.16	5.99	±	3.14
Trunk fat (%)	18.40	±	7.13	18.69	±	6.54	18.64	±	7.20	17.00	±	6.87	17.49	±	6.84	17.84	±	6.71
20 mSRT (stages)	4.16	±	2.01 ^bc	4.96	±	2.03	5.25	±	2.27	7.17	±	1.87	7.33	±	2.09 ^c	8.09	±	2.30
20 mSRT (pc)	61.29	±	27.53	66.32	±	23.77	67.36	±	24.69	55.95	±	20.16	56.25	±	24.01 ^c	63.17	±	24.47
Handgrip (kg)	15.65	±	6.46 ^bc	17.83	±	6.17 ^c	19.17	±	6.18	32.67	±	7.92	31.41	±	8.93 ^c	34.33	±	9.72
Handgrip (pc)	47.88	±	31.91 ^c	52.04	±	28.04 ^c	58.06	±	29.11	51.29	±	22.33	45.34	±	28.52 ^c	55.20	±	30.95
CMJ (cm)	19.15	±	3.95	20.78	±	5.08	21.10	±	4.84	32.62	±	6.66	30.61	±	6.39	31.92	±	6.36
CMJ (pc)	53.08	±	24.83	48.45	±	26.62	48.21	±	26.76	40.00	±	21.60	31.36	±	20.04	34.12	±	19.33
	Girls
	Prepubertal									Pubertal
	Low			Medium			High			Low			Medium			High
Body mass	33.83	±	7.89	35.97	±	10.94	37.91	±	12.45	54.48	±	15.17	55.79	±	10.90	54.84	±	9.08
BMI (kg/m²)	17.96	±	2.00	18.54	±	3.20	19.23	±	3.86	21.95	±	5.29	21.96	±	3.99	21.69	±	3.09
Fat mass (kg)	8.52	±	2.44	9.60	±	4.53	10.72	±	5.87	17.32	±	9.36	16.61	±	6.75	16.21	±	5.24
Fat mass (%)	25.08	±	2.82	25.74	±	5.23	26.92	±	6.22	30.13	±	8.27	28.83	±	6.13	28.99	±	5.40
Lean mass (kg)	23.98	±	5.49	25.00	±	6.66	25.77	±	6.94	35.27	±	6.41	37.19	±	4.96	36.65	±	4.88
Lean mass (%)	71.00	±	2.66	70.37	±	4.93	69.25	±	5.86	66.33	±	7.88	67.54	±	5.81	67.36	±	5.10
Trunk fat (kg)	3.69	±	1.09	4.15	±	2.10	4.68	±	2.67	7.68	±	4.62	7.05	±	2.87	7.19	±	2.45
Trunk fat (%)	20.14	±	5.95	19.66	±	5.54	20.96	±	6.84	24.38	±	9.11	22.59	±	6.00	23.49	±	5.42
20 mSRT (stages)	3.81	±	1.61	3.88	±	1.66	3.78	±	1.51	4.75	±	1.44	5.01	±	1.56	4.85	±	1.85
20 mSRT (pc)	73.35	±	21.20	73.96	±	22.59	73.05	±	23.03	58.33	±	26.96	62.89	±	25.25	59.62	±	29.80
Handgrip (kg)	15.43	±	4.91	15.92	±	5.48	16.44	±	5.47	26.12	±	5.48	24.47	±	5.00	24.87	±	4.67
Handgrip (pc)	47.31	±	28.33	54.63	±	31.06	52.77	±	31.21	57.50	±	31.90	45.09	±	27.67	51.40	±	26.72
CMJ (cm)	19.69	±	4.28	20.06	±	4.53	19.20	±	4.81	27.10	±	3.50	24.96	±	5.29	25.66	±	5.47
CMJ (pc)	50.95	±	21.43	54.11	±	25.32 ^c	45.82	±	27.51	60.00	±	20.00	37.65	±	23.12	40.00	±	25.76

Data expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Abbreviations: Low, low adherence to the MD group; Medium: moderate or medium adherence to the MD group; High, optimal or high adherence to the MD group; BMI: body mass index; 20 mSRT: 20-m shuttle run test; Handgrip: handgrip strength; CMJ: countermovement jumps test, pc: percentile; ^b Significantly different from medium adherence to the MD group (p ≤ 0.05). ^c Significantly different from high adherence to the MD group (p ≤ 0.05).