Table 1.
Characteristics and main results of studies exploring the use of 11C-Choline or 18F-Choline in multiple myeloma.
References | Number of Patients | Study Design | Time of Imaging | Index Test | Choline Administered Activity | Choline PET Scanning Time Post-Injection | Reference Test | Number of Bone FL on Choline PET/CT (Matched/ Unmatched) |
Number of Bone FL on FDG- or MTH PET/CT (Matched/ Unmatched) |
Number of EMD foci on Choline PET/CT (Matched/ Unmatched) |
Number of EMD foci on FDG- or MTH PET/CT (Matched/ Unmatched) |
Mean or Median (range) SUVmax of Choline PET | Mean or Median (range) SUVmax of FDG- or MTH PET |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nanni et al. (2007) [25] | 10 | Retrospective | Relapse or f/up post treatment |
11C-Choline 18F-FDG |
5.3 MBq/kg | 5 min. | None | 37 (21/16) | 22 (21/1) | 3 (2/1) | 1 (1/0) | 5.0 (NS) | 3.8 (NS) |
Cassou-Mounat et al. (2016) [26] | 21 | Retrospective | Relapse or Progression |
18F-Choline 18F-FDG |
3 MBq/kg | 10–20 min. | None | 121 (65/56) | 69 (65/4) | 3 (3/3) | 3 (3/3) | 3.8-5.7 (1.6–16) | 3-4.5 (1.6–20.6) |
Lapa et al. (2019) [27] | 19 | Retrospective | Progression or f/up post-treatment |
11C-Choline 11C-MTH |
719 ± 86 MBq | 5 min. | None | 91* (91/0) >50: 4 patients |
112 ** (87/25) >50: 7 patients |
0 | 0 | 5.7 (3.5–14.6) | 9.3 (3.5–30.9) |
MTH: Methionine; FL: Focal bone Lesion; EMD: Extra-Medullary-Disease; NS: Not Specified *91 FL were found in 15 patients. The remaining four patients had innumerable FL (>50) which were all matched by MTH PET/CT. ** 112 FL were found in 12 patients. The remaining 7 patients had innumerable FL (>50) with 3 of them having less than 3 lesions on Choline PET/CT.