Table 1.
microRNAs (miRNAs) promoting radiosensitivity or radioresistance in cancer cells.
| miRNA | Target | Pathway | Cancer Type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| miRNA Promoting Radiosensitivity | ||||
| let-7 | Cyclin D1 | Cell cycle | Uveal melanoma *, breast cancer | [16,17] |
| miR-16 | Cyclin D1 | Cell cycle | Prostate cancer | [18] |
| miR-18a | ATM | DSB repair | Breast cancer, lung cancer * | [19,20] |
| HIF-1α | - | Lung cancer * | [20] | |
| miR-22 | SIRT1 | Apoptosis | Breast cancer | [21] |
| miR-23b | ATG12 | Autophagy | Pancreatic cancer * | [22] |
| miR-24 | H2AX | DSB repair | Leukemia | [23] |
| miR-26a | ATM | DSB repair | Glioma | [24] |
| miR-26b | DRAM1 | Autophagy | Breast cancer | [25] |
| miR-30a | TP53INP1 | Autophagy | Prostate cancer | [26] |
| miR-33a | HIF-1α | Glycolysis | Melanoma * | [27] |
| miR-34a | LyGDI | Apoptosis | NSCLC | [28] |
| RAD51 | DSB repair | Lung cancer * | [29] | |
| miR-99a | mTOR | Apoptosis | NSCLC * | [30] |
| miR-100 | ATM | - | Glioma | [31] |
| miR-101 | DNA-PKcs | - | Glioma * | [32] |
| ATM | - | Glioma * | [32] | |
| STMN1 | Autophagy | NPC | [33] | |
| miR-107 | RAD51 | DSB repair | Ovarian cancer | [34] |
| miR-124 | CDK4 | Apoptosis | Glioma, ESCC | [35,36] |
| STAT3 | Apoptosis | NSCLC *, breast cancer | [37,38] | |
| PIM 1 | - | Prostate cancer | [39] | |
| miR-125a | p21 | - | Cervical cancer | [40] |
| miR-125b | c-Jun | Apoptosis | Breast cancer | [41] |
| miR-133a | EGFR | Apoptosis | ESCC | [42] |
| miR-133b | PKM2 | Glycolysis | NSCLC | [43] |
| miR-136 | E2F1 | Apoptosis | Cervical cancer | [44] |
| miR-138 | H2AX | DSB repair | Osteosarcoma | [45] |
| miR-144 | PIM 1 | - | Prostate cancer | [39] |
| miR-150 | AKT | Apoptosis | NK/T cell lymphoma * | [46] |
| miR-153 | Bcl-2 | Apoptosis | Glioma * | [47] |
| miR-155 | RAD51 | DSB repair | Triple negative breast cancer * | [48] |
| miR-182 | BRCA1 | DSB repair | Breast cancer | [49] |
| miR-185 | Wnt2B | Wnt/β-catenin | NPC | [50] |
| miR-193a | Mcl-1 | Apoptosis | GBM, cervical cancer | [51] |
| miR-199a | Beclin-1, DRAM1 | Autophagy | Breast cancer | [52] |
| miR-200c | UBQLN1 | Autophagy | Breast cancer | [53] |
| miR-203a | ATM | Apoptosis, cell cycle, migration | Ovarian cancer | [54] |
| miR-205 | TP53INP1 | Autophagy | Prostate cancer | [26] |
| miR-214 | ATG12 | Autophagy | CRC * | [55] |
| miR-216a | Beclin-1 | Autophagy | Pancreatic cancer * | [56] |
| miR-222 | RAD51 | DSB repair | Ovarian cancer | [34] |
| miR-223 | ATM | - | Glioma * | [57] |
| miR-301a | Wnt | Wnt/β-catenin, migration | ESCC | [58] |
| miR-302a | AKT, RAD52 | - | Breast cancer * | [59] |
| miR-320a | STAT3 | Apoptosis, metastasis | NSCLC * | [60] |
| β-catenin | Wnt/β-catenin | Cervical cancer | [61] | |
| miR-324-3p | Wnt2B | Wnt/ β-catenin | NPC | [62] |
| miR-421 | ATM | DSB repair | SCC | [63] |
| miR-448 | HIF-1α | Glycolysis | Glioma | [64] |
| miR-449a | LDHA | Glycolysis, apoptosis | Lung cancer | [65] |
| miR-449a | c-MYC | Cell cycle | Prostate cancer * | [66] |
| miR-450a | DUSP10 | Autophagy | ESCC * | [67] |
| miR-634 | STAT3 | Apoptosis | Breast cancer | [68] |
| miR-770 | PBK | Apoptosis | CRC * | [69] |
| miR-875 | EGFR | DSB repair | Prostate cancer * | [70] |
| miR-1275 | Wnt1 | Wnt/β-catenin, EMT, | ESCC * | [71] |
| miRNA Promoting Radioresistance | ||||
| miR-17 | P21 | Apoptosis | OSCC * | [72] |
| PTEN | Apoptosis, cell cycle | NPC | [73] | |
| miR-20a | PTEN | Apoptosis | HCC | [74] |
| miR-21 | PTEN | Migration | Leukemia, NSCLC | [75,76] |
| miR-29a | PTEN | - | CRC | [77] |
| miR-96 | PTEN | - | HNSCC | [78] |
| miR-106b | PTEN, p21 | Apoptosis, cell cycle | CRC | [79] |
| miR-135b | GSK3β | - | GBM | [80] |
| miR-150 | GSK3β | - | NPC | [81] |
| miR-155 | UBQLN1 | - | NPC | [82] |
| miR-205 | PTEN | Apoptosis | NPC | [83] |
| miR-208a | p21 | Lung cancer | [84] | |
| miR-210 | AIFM3 | Apoptosis | Hepatoma | [85] |
| miR-212 | BRCA1 | Apoptosis | Glioma | [86] |
| miR-214 | PTEN | - | Ovarian cancer * | [87] |
| miR-221/miR-222 | PTEN | Apoptosis, migration | CRC, gastric cancer, GBM | [88,89,90,91] |
| miR-300 | p53, Apaf-1 | Apoptosis, cell cycle, senescence | Lung cancer | [92] |
| miR-301a | TCEAL7 | Wnt/β-catenin, apoptosis | GBM * | [93] |
| miR-375 | p53 | Apoptosis, cell cycle | Gastric cancer | [94] |
| miR-498 | PTEN | Apoptosis, migration | Prostate cancer | [95] |
| miR-622 | Rb | Apoptosis | CRC | [96] |
| miR-1246 | mTOR | Autophagy | NSCLC | [97] |
* Effect on radiosensitivity/radioresistance observed in vivo; HNSCC—head and neck squamous cell carcinoma; HCC—hepatocellular carcinoma; NPC—nasopharyngeal carcinoma; CRC—colorectal cancer; NSCLC—non-small cell lung cancer; OSCC—oral squamous cell carcinoma; ESCC—esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; GBM—glioblastoma; NK/T-cell lymphoma—natural killer/T-cell lymphoma; DSB—DNA double strand break.