Table 1.
Proximate analysis and pH of traditional fermented foods Mabisi and Munkoyo.
| Sample | Moisture | Dry Matter | Ash | Fibre | Crude Protein | Crude Fat | Total Carbohydrate | Energy | pH | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % | SD | CV% | % | SD | CV% | % | SD | CV% | % | SD | CV% | % | SD | CV% | % | SD | CV% | % | SD | CV% | Kcal/100 g | SD | CV% | ||
| Mabisi | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 67.4 | ±0.378 | 0.6 | 32.6 | 0.400 | 1.3 | 0.47 | ±0.023 | 4.9 | 0 | ±0.000 | 0 | 4.68 | ±0.045 | 1.0 | 4.2 | ±0.181 | 4.3 | 23.28 | ±0.567 | 2.4 | 149.67 | ±0.747 | 0.5 | 4.1 |
| 2 | 85.2 | ±5.622 | 6.6 | 14.8 | 0.033 | 0.3 | 0.65 | ±0.006 | 0.9 | 0 | ±0.000 | 0 | 3.17 | ±0.006 | 0.2 | 3.37 | ±0.275 | 8.2 | 7.6 | ±5.427 | 71.4 | 73.38 | ±23.537 | 32.1 | 4.13 |
| 3 | 88.1 | ±0.172 | 0.2 | 11.9 | 0.182 | 1.5 | 0.73 | ±0.01 | 1.4 | 0 | ±0.000 | 0 | 3.34 | ±0.175 | 5.2 | 3.83 | ±0.404 | 10.5 | 4.04 | ±0.546 | 13.5 | 64.03 | ±2.109 | 3.3 | 4.65 |
| 4 | 89.3 | ±0.323 | 0.4 | 10.8 | 0.086 | 0.8 | 0.71 | ±0.061 | 8.6 | 0 | ±0.000 | 0 | 3.45 | ±0.365 | 10.6 | 3.23 | ±0.308 | 9.5 | 3.35 | ±0.842 | 25.1 | 56.21 | ±0.994 | 1.8 | 4.1 |
| 5 | 89.6 | ±0.246 | 0.3 | 10.4 | 0.335 | 3.2 | 0.62 | ±0.015 | 2.4 | 0 | ±0.000 | 0 | 5.27 | ±0.170 | 3.2 | 3.08 | ±0.534 | 17.3 | 1.39 | ±0.38 | 27.3 | 54.34 | ±3.066 | 5.6 | 4.1 |
| 6 | 87.1 | ±0.530 | 0.6 | 12.9 | 0.531 | 4.1 | 0.72 | ±0.021 | 2.9 | 0 | ±0.000 | 0 | 4.46 | ±0.085 | 1.9 | 4.67 | ±0.117 | 2.5 | 3.08 | ±0.54 | 17.5 | 72.15 | ±1.466 | 2.0 | 4.05 |
| 7 | 88.6 | ±0.068 | 0.1 | 11.4 | 0.196 | 1.7 | 0.71 | ±0.02 | 2.8 | 0 | ±0.000 | 0 | 4.3 | ±0.091 | 2.1 | 4.07 | ±0.563 | 13.8 | 2.32 | ±0.566 | 24.4 | 63.08 | ±3.165 | 5.0 | 4.1 |
| 8 | 73.9 | ±0.559 | 0.8 | 26.1 | 0.580 | 2.2 | 0.63 | ±0.01 | 1.6 | 0 | ±0.000 | 0 | 3.38 | ±0.221 | 6.5 | 6.98 | ±0.472 | 6.8 | 15.08 | ±0.795 | 5.3 | 136.63 | ±1.041 | 0.8 | 4 |
| 9 | 89.5 | ±0.168 | 0.2 | 10.5 | 0.168 | 1.6 | 0.71 | ±0.01 | 1.4 | 0 | ±0.000 | 0 | 2.83 | ±0.179 | 6.3 | 4.5 | ±0.532 | 11.8 | 2.46 | ±0.551 | 22.4 | 61.68 | ±3.306 | 5.4 | 4.05 |
| 10 | 88.9 | ±0.246 | 0.3 | 11.1 | 0.374 | 3.4 | 0.68 | ±0.025 | 3.7 | 0 | ±0.000 | 0 | 4.55 | ±0.26 | 5.7 | 3.75 | ±0.462 | 12.3 | 2.11 | ±0.418 | 19.8 | 60.39 | ±1.725 | 2.9 | 4 |
| 11 | 89.1 | ±0.260 | 0.3 | 10.9 | 0.290 | 2.7 | 0.74 | ±0.049 | 6.6 | 0 | ±0.000 | 0 | 4.07 | ±0.071 | 1.7 | 3.19 | ±0.064 | 2.0 | 2.93 | ±0.262 | 8.9 | 56.73 | ±1.493 | 2.6 | 4.1 |
| 12 | 87.4 | ±0.355 | 0.4 | 12.6 | 0.259 | 2.1 | 0.65 | ±0.025 | 3.8 | 0 | ±0.000 | 0 | 2.93 | ±0.268 | 9.1 | 3.85 | ±0.137 | 3.6 | 5.18 | ±0.347 | 6.7 | 67.1 | ±1.379 | 2.1 | 4.1 |
| Mean | 85.34 | 3.61 | 4.2 | 14.67 | 1.81 | 12.3 | 0.67 | 0.074 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 3.87 | 0.786 | 20.3 | 4.06 | 1.053 | 25.9 | 6.07 | 6.57 | 108.2 | 76.28 | 31.901 | 41.8 | 4.12 | |
| Munkoyo | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 95.7 | ±0.000 | 0.0 | 4.3 | 0.07 | 1.7 | 0.19 | ±0.012 | 6.3 | 0.72 | ±0.062 | 8.6 | 0.39 | ±0.045 | 11.5 | 0.56 | ±0.231 | 41.3 | 2.46 | ±0.122 | 5.0 | 16.48 | ±1.432 | 8.7 | 3.1 |
| 2 | 92.5 | ±0.457 | 0.5 | 7.5 | 0.026 | 0.4 | 0.19 | ±0.006 | 3.2 | 0.69 | ±0.023 | 3.3 | 0.79 | ±0.082 | 10.4 | 1.02 | ±0.180 | 17.6 | 4.78 | ±0.396 | 8.3 | 31.49 | ±2.184 | 6.9 | 3.05 |
| 3 | 95.9 | ±0.000 | 0.0 | 4.1 | 0.001 | 0.1 | 0.16 | ±0.025 | 15.6 | 0.85 | ±0.121 | 14.2 | 0.51 | ±0.087 | 17.1 | 0.63 | ±0.164 | 26.0 | 1.99 | ±0.025 | 1.3 | 15.67 | ±1.206 | 7.7 | 3.1 |
| 4 | 95.4 | ±0.081 | 0.1 | 4.6 | 0.116 | 2.5 | 0.14 | ±0.006 | 4.3 | 0.7 | ±0.006 | 0.9 | 0.36 | ±0.017 | 4.7 | 0.36 | ±0.092 | 25.6 | 3.08 | ±0.056 | 1.8 | 17 | ±0.730 | 4.3 | 3.2 |
| 5 | 95.8 | ±0.044 | 0.0 | 4.2 | 0.05 | 1.2 | 0.11 | ±0.012 | 10.9 | 0.67 | ±0.031 | 4.6 | 0.23 | ±0.031 | 13.5 | 0.85 | ±0.015 | 1.8 | 2.3 | ±0.040 | 1.7 | 17.8 | ±0.110 | 0.6 | 2.9 |
| 6 | 92.5 | ±0.105 | 0.1 | 7.5 | 0.148 | 2 | 0.16 | ±0.031 | 19.4 | 0.5 | ±0.006 | 1.2 | 0.49 | ±0.045 | 9.2 | 0.93 | ±0.432 | 46.5 | 5.39 | ±0.408 | 7.6 | 31.85 | ±2.423 | 7.6 | 3.35 |
| 7 | 90.2 | ±0.062 | 0.1 | 9.8 | 0.086 | 0.9 | 0.16 | ±0.021 | 7.5 | 0.68 | ±0.006 | 0.9 | 0.21 | ±0.042 | 20.0 | 0.76 | ±0.071 | 9.3 | 7.96 | ±0.021 | 0.3 | 39.52 | ±0.542 | 1.4 | 3.4 |
| 8 | 94.5 | ±0.061 | 0.1 | 5.5 | 0.084 | 1.5 | 0.1 | ±0.006 | 6.0 | 0.41 | ±0.223 | 54.4 | 0.18 | ±0.080 | 44.4 | 0.86 | ±0.108 | 12.6 | 3.96 | ±0.267 | 6.7 | 24.32 | ±1.580 | 6.5 | 3.25 |
| 9 | 89 | ±0.050 | 0.1 | 11 | 0.034 | 0.3 | 0.1 | ±0.006 | 6.0 | 0.49 | ±0.221 | 45.1 | 0.26 | ±0.006 | 2.3 | 0.75 | ±0.092 | 12.3 | 9.45 | ±0.146 | 1.5 | 45.59 | ±1.353 | 3.0 | 3.3 |
| 10 | 95.5 | ±0.296 | 0.3 | 4.5 | 0.418 | 9.4 | 0.04 | ±0.000 | 0.0 | 0.57 | ±0.107 | 18.8 | 0.15 | ±0.042 | 28.0 | 0.95 | ±0.128 | 13.5 | 2.75 | ±0.029 | 1.1 | 20.15 | ±1.391 | 6.9 | 3 |
| 11 | 94.6 | ±0.030 | 0.0 | 5.4 | 0.042 | 0.8 | 0.06 | ±0.020 | 33.3 | 0.61 | ±0.059 | 9.7 | 0.46 | ±0.099 | 21.5 | 0.74 | ±0.096 | 13.0 | 3.57 | ±0.053 | 1.5 | 22.82 | ±0.673 | 4.3 | 3.3 |
| 12 | 92.4 | ±0.355 | 0.4 | 7.6 | 0.446 | 6 | 0.11 | ±0.010 | 9.1 | 0.54 | ±0.012 | 2.2 | 0.35 | ±0.006 | 1.7 | 1.46 | ±0.070 | 4.8 | 5.14 | ±0.425 | 8.3 | 35.09 | ±1.063 | 3.0 | 2.9 |
| 13 | 94.4 | ±1.267 | 1.3 | 4.6 | 0.57 | 12.6 | 0.13 | ±0.000 | 0.0 | 0.77 | ±0.010 | 1.3 | 0.27 | ±0.012 | 4.4 | 0.72 | ±0.056 | 7.8 | 3.75 | ±1.239 | 33.0 | 22.55 | ±5.323 | 23.6 | 3.2 |
| Mean | 93.72 | 2.24 | 2.4 | 6.20 | 2.28 | 36.8 | 0.13 | 0.046 | 38.3 | 0.63 | 0.124 | 20.0 | 0.36 | 0.175 | 48.6 | 0.81 | 0.262 | 31.2 | 4.35 | 2.23 | 49.4 | 26.18 | 9.651 | 35.6 | 3.16 |
Notes: SD is the standard deviation, CV% is percentage coefficient of variation.