Table 2.
Armed OVs currently in clinical trials (source: clinicaltrials.gov; accessed May 2020).
| Virus | Transgene | Function of Transgene | Combination | Tumor type | Phase | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TG6002 (Vaccinia virus) |
FCU1 | Conversion of 5-FC to 5-FU | 5-FC | Glioblastoma | Phase 1 and 2 | NCT03294486 |
| Pexa-Vec (Vaccinia virus) | GM-CSF | Activation of APC | αPD-L1 αCTLA-4 |
Colorectal cancer | Phase 1 and 2 | NCT03206073 |
| RP1 (HSV-1) |
GM-CSF GALV-GP |
Activation of APC; fusion of cells | None | Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma | Phase 1b | NCT04349436 |
| OH2 (HSV-2) |
GM-CSF | Activation of APC | αPD-1 | Gastrointestinal and other solid tumors | Phase 1 | NCT03866525 |
| T-Vec (HSV-1) |
GM-CSF | Activation of APC | αPD-L1 αCTLA-4 |
Breast cancer | Phase 1 | NCT04185311 |
| TILT123 (Adenovirus) | TNFα and IL-2 | Activation of T cells | Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes | Melanoma | Phase 1 | NCT04217473 |
| TBio-6517 (Vaccinia virus) | FLT3 ligand, IL-12 and αCTLA-4 |
Immune activation | αPD-1 | Solid tumors, TNBC, microsatellite stable colorectal cancer | Phase 1 and 2 | NCT04301011 |
| MG1-MAGEA3 (Maraba virus) | MAGEA3 | Tumor antigen for melanoma | αPD-1 Cyclophosphamide Ad-MAGEA3 |
Metastatic melanoma, Squamous cell skin carcinoma | Phase 1b | NCT03773744 |
| GL-ONC1 (Vaccinia virus) | Luc-GFP fusion, β-galactosidase, β-glucuronidase |
Imaging | Chemotherapy or bevacizumab | Ovarian cancer, peritoneal carcinomatosis and fallopian tube cancer | Phase 1 and 2 | NCT02759588 |
| M032 (HSV-1) |
IL-12 | Immune-stimulation and anti-angiogenesis | None | Glioblastoma Astrocytoma Gliosarcoma |
Phase 1 | NCT02062827 |
| C134 (HSV-1) |
IRS1 | PKR evasion | None | Glioblastoma Astrocytoma Gliosarcoma |
Phase 1 | NCT03657576 |
| TMV-018 (Measles virus) | Cytosine deaminase | Conversion of 5-FC to 5-FU | 5-FC | Gastrointestinal cancer | Phase 1 and 2 | NCT04195373 |
| LOAd703 (Adenovirus) | CD40L, 41BBL |
Immune stimulation | None | PDAC, ovarian cancer, biliary carcinoma and colorectal cancer | Phase 1 and 2 | NCT03225989 |
| MV-NIS (Measles virus) |
NIS | Imaging | Mesenchymal stem cells transplantation | Solid tumors | Phase 1 and 2 | NCT02068794 |
| ONCR-177 (HSV-1) |
IL-12, CCL4, FLT3L, αPD-L1, αCTLA-4 | Immune stimulation | αPD-1 | Solid tumors | Phase 1 | NCT04348916 |
| NG-350A (Adenovirus) | Anti-CD40 | Immune stimulation | None | Epithelial tumors | Phase 1 | NCT03852511 |
| NG-641 (Adenovirus) | BiTE (FAP-TAc), CXCL9, CXCL10, IFNα | Killing cancer associated fibroblast; Immune stimulation | None | Epithelial tumors | Phase 1 | NCT04053283 |
FCU1, cytosine deaminase and uracil phosphoribosyltransferase; 5-FC, 5-fluorocytosine; 5-FU, 5-fluorouracil; GM-CSF, granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor; GALV-GP, gibbon-ape leukemia virus glycoprotein; APC, antigen presenting cell, HSV, herpes simplex virus; TNFα, tumor necrosis factor α; IL-2, interleukin-2; IL-12, interleukin-12; FLT3, fms-like tyrosine kinase; PD-1, programmed death-1; PD-L1, programmed death ligand-1; CTLA-4, cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4; MAGEA3, melanoma antigen gene A3; Luc-GFP, fusion of luciferase and GFP genes; NIS, sodium-iodide symporter; BiTE, bispecific T cell engager; FAP-Tac, fibroblast activation protein-T cell activator; IFNα, interferon α; PKR, protein kinase R.