Table 2.
Incidence and risks of study outcomes according to waist circumference (WC) categories.
| WC Category | n | Events | Person-Years | IR 1 | HR (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 2 | Model 2 3 | Model 3 4 | |||||
| Colorectal cancer | |||||||
| WC (per 5 cm) | 1.18 (1.18–1.19) | 1.033 (1.029–1.037) | 1.040 (1.033–1.046) | ||||
| WC (cm) | |||||||
| M: <75.0, F: <70.0 | 1,724,651 | 9794 | 14,213,668 | 0.69 | 0.47 (0.46–0.48) | 0.90 (0.88–0.92) | 0.89 (0.86–0.91) |
| M: 75.0–79.9, F: 70.0–74.9 | 1,937,992 | 15,181 | 15,975,402 | 0.95 | 0.64 (0.63–0.66) | 0.94 (0.92–0.96) | 0.93 (0.91–0.95) |
| M: 80.0–84.9, F: 75.0–79.9 | 2,371,404 | 23,630 | 19,513,766 | 1.21 | 0.82 (0.80–0.83) | 0.96 (0.94–0.98) | 0.95 (0.94–0.97) |
| M: 85.0–89.9, F: 80.0–84.9 | 1,974,893 | 24,032 | 16,220,342 | 1.48 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) |
| M: 90.0–94.9, F: 85.0–89.9 | 1,156,111 | 16,485 | 9,470,747 | 1.74 | 1.18 (1.15–1.20) | 1.05 (1.03–1.07) | 1.06 (1.04–1.08) |
| M: 95.0–99.9, F: 90.0–94.9 | 514,810 | 7797 | 4,208,225 | 1.85 | 1.25 (1.22–1.28) | 1.06 (1.03–1.08) | 1.06 (1.04–1.09) |
| M: ≥100.0, F: ≥95.0 | 279,744 | 4278 | 2,278,692 | 1.88 | 1.27 (1.23–1.31) | 1.08 (1.05–1.12) | 1.10 (1.06–1.14) |
| P | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| p for trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| M: <90.0, F: <85.0 | 8,008,940 | 72,637 | 65,923,178 | 1.10 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) |
| M: ≥90.0, F: ≥85.0 | 1,950,665 | 28,560 | 15,957,664 | 1.79 | 1.62 (1.60–1.65) | 1.10 (1.08–1.12) | 1.08 (1.06–1.10) |
| Colon cancer | |||||||
| WC (per 5 cm) | 1.181 (1.177–1.186) | 1.035 (1.031–1.040) | 1.039 (1.032–1.046) | ||||
| WC (cm) | |||||||
| M: <75.0, F: <70.0 | 1,724,651 | 8114 | 14,213,668 | 0.57 | 0.46 (0.45–0.48) | 0.90 (0.88–0.92) | 0.90 (0.87–0.93) |
| M: 75.0–79.9, F: 70.0–74.9 | 1,937,992 | 12,621 | 15,975,402 | 0.79 | 0.64 (0.63–0.66) | 0.94 (0.92–0.96) | 0.94 (0.91–0.96) |
| M: 80.0–84.9, F: 75.0–79.9 | 2,371,404 | 19,543 | 19,513,766 | 1.00 | 0.81 (0.80–0.83) | 0.96 (0.94–0.97) | 0.96 (0.94–0.97) |
| M: 85.0–89.9, F: 80.0–84.9 | 1,974,893 | 20,011 | 16,220,342 | 1.23 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) |
| M: 90.0–94.9, F: 85.0–89.9 | 1,156,111 | 13,890 | 9,470,747 | 1.47 | 1.19 (1.16–1.22) | 1.06 (1.04–1.09) | 1.06 (1.04–1.09) |
| M: 95.0–99.9, F: 90.0–94.9 | 514,810 | 6600 | 4,208,225 | 1.57 | 1.27 (1.24–1.31) | 1.07 (1.04–1.10) | 1.07 (1.04–1.10) |
| M: ≥100.0, F: ≥95.0 | 279,744 | 3624 | 2,278,692 | 1.59 | 1.29 (1.25–1.34) | 1.09 (1.05–1.13) | 1.09 (1.05–1.14) |
| P | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| p for trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| M: <90.0, F: <85.0 | 8,008,940 | 60,289 | 65,923,178 | 0.91 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) |
| M: ≥90.0, F: ≥85.0 | 1,950,665 | 24,114 | 15,957,664 | 1.51 | 1.65 (1.63–1.68) | 1.11 (1.09–1.13) | 1.08 (1.06–1.10) |
| Rectal cancer | |||||||
| WC (per 5 cm) | 1.196 (1.189–1.203) | 1.030 (1.023–1.038) | 1.049 (1.037–1.061) | ||||
| WC (cm) | |||||||
| M: <75.0, F: <70.0 | 1,724,651 | 2945 | 14,213,668 | 0.21 | 0.46 (0.44–0.48) | 0.89 (0.85–0.93) | 0.84 (0.80–0.88) |
| M: 75.0–79.9, F: 70.0–74.9 | 1,937,992 | 4547 | 15,975,402 | 0.28 | 0.62 (0.60–0.65) | 0.92 (0.88–0.95) | 0.89 (0.85–0.92) |
| M: 80.0–84.9, F: 75.0–79.9 | 2,371,404 | 7342 | 19,513,766 | 0.38 | 0.83 (0.80–0.85) | 0.96 (0.93–0.99) | 0.94 (0.91–0.98) |
| M: 85.0–89.9, F: 80.0–84.9 | 1,974,893 | 7397 | 16,220,342 | 0.46 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) |
| M: 90.0–94.9, F: 85.0–89.9 | 1,156,111 | 4914 | 9,470,747 | 0.52 | 1.14 (1.10–1.18) | 1.02 (0.99–1.06) | 1.04 (1.002–1.08) |
| M: 95.0–99.9, F: 90.0–94.9 | 514,810 | 2259 | 4,208,225 | 0.54 | 1.18 (1.12–1.23) | 1.02 (0.97–1.06) | 1.05 (1.00–1.10) |
| M: ≥100.0, F: ≥95.0 | 279,744 | 1266 | 2,278,692 | 0.56 | 1.22 (1.15–1.29) | 1.08 (1.02–1.15) | 1.15 (1.08–1.23) |
| P | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| p for trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| M: <90.0, F: <85.0 | 8,008,940 | 22,231 | 65,923,178 | 0.34 | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) | 1 (ref.) |
| M: ≥90.0, F: ≥85.0 | 1,950,665 | 8439 | 15,957,664 | 0.53 | 1.57 (1.53–1.61) | 1.08 (1.05–1.10) | 1.07 (1.04–1.10) |
Abbreviations: IR, incidence rate; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; WC, waist circumference; M, male; F, female. 1 Incidence per 1000 person-years. 2 Model 1 was unadjusted. 3 Model 2 was adjusted for age, sex, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, income, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia. 4 Model 3 was adjusted for age, sex, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, income, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and body mass index.