Table 2.

Nanoparticles-based therapeutics encapsulated with nucleic acids for diabetic wound healing.

Type of Nanoparticles	Encapsulated Nucleic Acids	In-Vitro Analysis	In-Vivo Model	Results	Route of Administration	Ref.
Cationic lipid nanoparticles	Keap1 siRNA	Knockdown of Keap1 via LPP-10 correlated with an increased protein expression of Nrf2, a critical transcription factor in maintenance of cell integrity	10 mm in diameter skin wound was created in diabetic mice	Nanoparticles treatment complexing siKeap1, restored Nrf2 antioxidant function, accelerated diabetic tissue regeneration, and augmented reduction oxidation homeostasis in the wound environment	Topical administration to wound	[94]
AuNPs	GM3S siRNA based SNAs	GM3S loaded nanoparticles treated wounds were completely closed in hyperglycemic conditions and almost closed in normoglycemic medium	6 mm in diameter skin wound was created in diet- induced obese C57BL/6 diabetic mice	Nanoparticles treated wound stimulated granulation of tissue area, vascularization, and IGF1 and EGF receptor phosphorylation are elevated in GM3S SNA-treated wounds that accelerated active wound closure compared to free GM3S siRNA	Topical administration to wound	[98]
Lipid nanoparticles	TNF-α siRNA	-	8 mm in diameter skin wound was created in diabetic C57BL/6 mice	Nanoparticles in diabetic mice accelerated TNF-α knockdown of diabetic wound that elevated the wound closure rate within 13 days, which was statistically faster than control wounds, which remained open on Day 16	Topical administration to wound	[101]
CNPs	miR-146a	-	8 mm in diameter skin wound was created in Db/Db mice	CNP-miR-146a improves wound healing in diabetic mice wound model without compromising wound strength and elasticity	Topical administration to wound	[111]