Table 3.

Univariate Hazard Ratios of Normalization of Cerebrospinal Fluid and Serum Measures in Participants Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Variable	WBC	Protein	CSF VDRL	Serum RPR
Treated with APPG-P	0.56 (.33–.95), P = .03	NS	NS	NS
Pretreatment outcome measure value ≥ mediana	NS	0.17 (.07–.39), P < .001	NS	2.27 (1.44–3.56), P < .001
Late-stage syphilisb	NS	NS	0.41 (.22–.74), P = .003	0.48 (.31–.73), P = .001
Symptomatic neurosyphilisc	NS	NS	1.69 (.97–2.96), P = .07	NS
Active ARV use over time	2.72 (1.64–4.53), P ≤ .001	2.13 (.95–4.76), P = .07	1.64 (.95–2.82), P = .08	1.46 (.98–2.19), P = .07
CD4+ ≤200/µL	2.14 (1.07–4.29), P = .03	2.90 (1.22–6.87), P = .02	NS	NS

Data are shown as univariate hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals). A normalization of CSF WBC is defined as a decline to <20/µL; a normalization of CSF protein is defined as a decline to <50 mg/dL; and a normalization of CSF-VDRL or serum RPR reactivity is defined as a 4-fold decline or reversion to a nonreactive status. All P-values ≤ .10 are shown; NS, P > .10. Abbreviations: APPG-P, intramuscular aqueous procaine penicillin G and oral probenecid; ARV, antiretroviral therapy; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; NS, not significant; RPR, rapid plasma reagent; VDRL, Venereal Disease Research Laboratory; WBC, white blood cells.

^aMedian of those with HIV and an abnormal value, as defined in the text.

^bLate syphilis, compared to early syphilis. Late syphilis included late-latent syphilis and syphilis of an unknown duration. Early syphilis included the primary, secondary, and early latent stages.

^cSymptomatic neurosyphilis, compared to asymptomatic neurosyphilis. Symptomatic neurosyphilis included symptomatic meningitis, vision or hearing loss, or stroke. Asymptomatic neurosyphilis included those with abnormal cerebrospinal fluid but no neurologic abnormalities.