Table 3.
Mean percentage of serum phospholipid fatty acids and their association with body mass index.
| Total | Tertiles of Serum PL-FAs a | 80th vs. 20th Percentiles b | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tertile 2 | Tertile 3 | ||||
| Mean (SD) | β (95% CI) c | β (95% CI) c | β (95% CI) c | q-Val d | |
| SFAs | |||||
| 14:0 myristic acid | 0.20 (0.16) | 0.35 (−0.20; 0.90) | 1.48 (0.92; 2.04) | 0.54 (0.24; 0.85) | 0.002 |
| 15:0 pentadecanoic acid | 0.09 (0.05) | 0.49 (−0.07; 1.05) | 0.46 (−0.11; 1.02) | −0.00 (−0.31; 0.30) | 0.985 |
| 16:0 palmitic acid | 32.92 (1.97) | 0.65 (0.10; 1.20) | 1.36 (0.80; 1.92) | 0.44 (0.12; 0.75) | 0.011 |
| 17:0 margaric acid | 0.26 (0.46) | 0.02 (−0.55; 0.58) | −0.34 (−0.90; 0.23) | −0.02 (−0.07; 0.02) | 0.407 |
| 18:0 stearic acid | 21.21 (4.33) | 0.43 (−0.13; 0.99) | 0.96 (0.40; 1.52) | 0.85 (0.40; 1.29) | 0.001 |
| 20:0 arachidic acid | 0.12 (0.06) | 0.20 (−0.35; 0.76) | 0.53 (−0.03; 1.09) | 0.32 (−0.11; 0.74) | 0.211 |
| Total saturates (SFAs) | 54.81 (4.91) | 0.27 (−0.28; 0.82) | 1.18 (0.62; 1.74) | 0.94 (0.52; 1.36) | 0.001 |
| cis-MUFAs | |||||
| 16:1 n-7 palmitoleic acid | 0.32 (0.17) | 0.20 (−0.35; 0.76) | 1.09 (0.53; 1.65) | 0.53 (0.24; 0.83) | 0.001 |
| 17:1 heptadecenoic acid | 0.02 (0.12) | -0.22 (−0.77; 0.34) | 0.39 (-0.17; 0.94) | −0.01 (−0.05; 0.03) | 0.632 |
| 18:1 n-9 oleic acid | 8.96 (2.17) | −1.09 (−1.64; −0.54) | −1.98 (−2.53; −1.42) | −0.90 (−1.19; −0.61) | 0.001 |
| 20:1n-9 gondoic acid | 0.07 (0.03) | −0.82 (−1.38; −0.27) | −1.09 (−1.64; −0.53) | −0.48 (−0.79; −0.16) | 0.006 |
| Total cis-MUFAs | 9.37 (2.23) | −0.85 (−1.40; −0.30) | −1.84 (−2.39; −1.28) | −0.85 (−1.15; −0.56) | 0.001 |
| trans-fatty acids | |||||
| Ruminant trans-fatty acids | |||||
| 16:1 n-7 palmitelaidic acid | 0.13 (0.05) | −0.43 (−1.00; 0.13) | −0.44 (−1.00; 0.12) | −0.17 (−0.54; 0.19) | 0.410 |
| 18:1 n-7 vaccenic acid | 1.16 (0.24) | −1.20 (−1.75; −0.64) | −1.26 (−1.82; −0.71) | −0.94 (−1.31; −0.57) | 0.001 |
| Total ruminant trans-fatty acids | 1.28 (0.26) | −1.02 (−1.58; −0.47) | −1.35 (−1.90; −0.80) | −0.92 (−1.30; −0.54) | 0.001 |
| Industrial trans-fatty acids | |||||
| 18:1 n-9 elaidic acid | 0.14 (0.06) | −0.35 (−0.91; 0.21) | −0.48 (−1.04; 0.08) | −0.29 (−0.64; 0.07) | 0.176 |
| n-6 PUFAs | |||||
| 18:2 linoleic acid | 19.65 (3.68) | −0.93 (−1.47; −0.38) | −1.66 (−2.22; −1.11) | −1.11 (−1.46; −0.76) | 0.001 |
| 18:3 γ-linolenic acid | 0.06 (0.04) | −0.32 (−0.88; 0.24) | −0.54 (−1.10; 0.03) | −0.37 (−0.69; −0.06) | 0.033 |
| 20:2 eicosadienoic acid | 0.15 (0.05) | 0.09 (−0.46; 0.65) | 0.20 (−0.36; 0.75) | 0.17 (−0.18; 0.53) | 0.410 |
| 20:3 dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA) | 2.15 (0.66) | 0.70 (0.16; 1.24) | 2.35 (1.80; 2.90) | 1.86 (1.51; 2.22) | 0.001 |
| 20:4 arachidonic acid (AA) | 8.82 (1.91) | 0.58 (0.03; 1.13) | 0.95 (0.40; 1.51) | 0.67 (0.28; 1.05) | 0.002 |
| Total n-6 PUFAs | 30.82 (4.20) | −0.32 (−0.88; 0.24) | −0.63 (−1.19; −0.07) | −0.43 (−0.81; −0.04) | 0.048 |
| n-3 PUFAs | |||||
| 18:3 α-linolenic acid | 0.04 (0.03) | 0.49 (−0.06; 1.04) | 1.22 (0.66; 1.77) | 0.93 (0.63; 1.22) | 0.001 |
| 20:5 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) | 0.64 (0.55) | 0.56 (0.00; 1.12) | 0.81 (0.25; 1.37) | 0.16 (−0.09; 0.41) | 0.275 |
| 22:6 docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) | 2.90 (0.88) | 0.06 (−0.51; 0.62) | −0.21 (−0.77; 0.36) | −0.07 (−0.45; 0.30) | 0.719 |
| Total n-3 PUFAs | 3.57 (1.27) | 0.49 (−0.07; 1.05) | 0.19 (−0.38; 0.75) | 0.08 (−0.27; 0.42) | 0.710 |
| Ratio n-6/n-3 PUFAs | 9.12 (1.51) | 0.22 (−0.34; 0.77) | −0.34 (−0.91; 0.22) | −0.09 (−0.22; 0.04) | 0.221 |
a Mean difference in body mass index comparing Tertile 2 and Tertile 3 with Tertile 1 (reference). b Mean difference in body mass index comparing women in the 80th percentile with women in the 20th percentile of each fatty acid distribution. c Adjusted for age, education, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, hypercholesterolemia and energy intake. d p value following Benjamini and Hochberg procedure.