Table 3.
Water contact angle (WCA) of Ti foil, amorphous, annealed, and plasma-treated TiO2 nanotubes (NT) with a 100 nm diameter. Plasma treatment P1 corresponds to a plasma output power of 200 W and a treatment time of 60 s, while P2 corresponds to a plasma output power of 400 W and a treatment time of 10 s.
| Sample | Treatment | Crystallinity | Wettability—Water Contact Angle (°) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| t = 0 | Week 2 | Week 4 | Week 6 | Week 8 | Week 10 | |||
| Ti foil | None | amorphous | 97 | 98 | 94 | 99 | 97 | 98 |
| NT | Electrochemical anodization | amorphous | 4 | 11 | 6 | 26 | 58 | 73 |
| NT + heat | Annealing (450 °C, 2 h) | anatase | 2 | 10 | 8 | 19 | 18 | 32 |
| NT + P1 | Plasma treated (200 W, 60 s) | amorphous | 5 | 8 | 16 | 18 | 51 | 48 |
| NT + P2 | Plasma treated (400 W, 10 s) | anatase/rutile | 2 | 5 | 4 | 7 | 21 | 28 |