Table 2.
Characteristics of included studies
| Author | Year | Country | Setting | Emergency / Elective | Nature of procedure* | Population | Phenomena of Interest | Sample Size / Gender |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Berman | 2008 | USA | Multi-Centre | Elective | Major | Patients with asymptomatic AAA. | Information important to patients facing healthcare decision. Evaluating how effective that information was conveyed. |
20 M = 17 F = 3 |
| Bramall | 2014 | Canada | Single Centre | Elective | Major | Post-operative neurosurgery patients with benign and malignant brain tumours |
Patterns of information seeking. Suggestions for information provision. |
31 M = 12 F = 19 |
| Dixon-Woods | 2006 | UK | Single Centre | Elective and Emergency | Intermediate / Minor | Post-operative women following obstetrics and gynaecology surgery | Why some women sign consent forms even when they do not wish to consent to surgery or sign despite having reservations. |
25 F = 25 |
| Habiba | 2004 | UK | Single Centre | Elective and Emergency | Intermediate / Minor | Post-operative women following obstetrics and gynaecology surgery | The process of giving consent. |
25 F = 25 |
| Hall | 2012 | USA | Single Centre | Elective | Intermediate / Minor | Patients with inguinal hernia or benign biliary disease. | How patients make decisions through the process of informed consent |
38 *Gender not recorded |
| Kumar | 2012 | India | Single Centre | Elective and Emergency | Intermediate / Minor | Patients and health care professionals in a surgical department. | Patient and doctor perceptions of informed consent, constraints to obtaining informed consent and their suggestions for improvement |
14 Patients M = 6 F = 8 8 Doctors M = 6 F = 2 |
| McKneally | 2000 | Canada | Single Centre | Elective | Major | Post-operative patients following oesophagectomy for oesophageal cancer | What patients believe about consent and decision making |
36 M = 28 F = 8 |
| McKneally | 2004 | Canada | Single Centre | Elective | Intermediate / Minor | Post-operative patients following laparoscopic cholecystectomy for gallstones | Patients perspective of the informed decision-making process |
33 M = 13 F = 20 |
| McKneally | 2009 | Canada | Single Centre | Elective and Emergency | Intermediate / Minor / Major | Attending (consultant) general and thoracic surgeons | Surgeons views of informed decision-making and consent |
46 surgeons Thoracic = 28 General = 18 |
| McNair | 2016 | UK | Multi-Centre | Elective | Major | Patients with oesophageal adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma facing surgery | Verbal information provision by surgeons during pre-operative consultations, and patient preferences for information about oesophageal cancer surgery. |
31 M = 24 F = 7 |
| Meredith | 1996 | UK | Multi-Centre | Elective and Emergency | Intermediate / Minor | Post-operative general surgery and urology patients | Patients experience of surgery and surgeons |
30 Gender not recorded |
| Moore | 2002 | UK | Single Centre | Elective | Intermediate / Minor | Patients on a waiting list for a diagnostic laparoscopy | Women’s views of the risks and benefits of diagnostic laparoscopy in the investigation of chronic pelvic pain. |
20 F = 20 |
| Schaufel | 2009 | Norway | Single Centre | Elective | Major | Pre-operative patients for high risk PCI and cardiac surgery | Existential challenges of doctor-patient interaction and decision-making processes |
10 M = 8 F = 2 |
| Spector | 2010 | Canada | Multi-Centre | Elective | Intermediate / Minor | Post-operative plastic surgery patients | Expectations and informational needs of women who underwent three different breast procedures. |
48 F = 48 |
| Suarez-Almazor | 2010 | USA | Single Centre | Elective | Intermediate / Minor | Patients with a diagnosis of knee OA and no previous knee replacement | Decision making factors influencing patient preferences for TKA. |
37 M = 14 F = 23 |
| Wood | 2014 | UK | Multi-Centre | Elective / Emergency | Intermediate / Minor / Major | Consultant and training grade doctors from a range of surgical specialties. | Doctors’ perspectives of the informed consent process: how doctors communicate risk, barriers doctors face in gaining informed consent for surgical procedures, and how the current informed consent process can be improved. |
20 M = 10 F = 10 |