Table 2.
Spent Coffee Ground Extracts (µg g−1) | Silverskin Extracts (µg g−1) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. | Analytes 1 | MeOH | H2O | MeOH:H2O (50:50) | EtOH:H2O (70:30) | MeOH | H2O | MeOH:H2O (50:50) | EtOH:H2O (70:30) |
1 | Shikimic acid | n.d.3 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. |
2 | Gallic acid | 42.45 ± 3.20 | 53.42 ± 4.10 | 51.90 ± 3.95 | 57.47 ± 5.03 | 32.65 ± 2.92 | 38.16 ± 1.58 | 43.25 ± 2.97 | 44.21 ± 3.45 |
3 | 5-CQA 2 | 9786.20 ± 815.36 | 4660.85 ± 254.32 | 10,613.61 ± 901.24 | 8620.83 ± 756.31 | 5436.78 ± 278.35 | 2589.36 ± 132.69 | 5896.45 ± 214.35 | 4789.35 ± 297.63 |
4 | (+)-Catechin | 1.23 ± 0.10 | 0.85 ± 0.06 | 1.56 ± 0.12 | 1.37 ± 0.10 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. |
5 | Del-3,5-diglu 2 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. |
6 | 3-CQA 2 | 3377.82 ± 156.32 | 2091.89 ± 154.78 | 2736.86 ± 203.12 | 3777.65 ± 306.69 | 2598.32 ± 178.35 | 1549.55 ± 115.21 | 2657.15 ± 199.78 | 2698.32 ± 237.78 |
7 | Caffeine | 32,838.17 ± 2569.11 | 44,755.37 ± 3251.45 | 45,857.23 ± 4016.98 | 54,440.27 ± 4875.19 | 27,365.14 ± 1023.65 | 31,968.12 ± 1548.47 | 38,214.36 ± 1689.53 | 41,877.13 ± 2356.30 |
8 | Cya-3-glu 2 | 1.56 ± 0.12 | 0.93 ± 0.08 | 1.65 ± 0.13 | 1.89 ± 0.15 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. |
9 | Vanillic acid | 86.61 ± 5.36 | 95.28 ± 8.21 | 140.38 ± 10.32 | 119.39 ± 9.96 | 96.23 ± 5.68 | 105.87 ± 9.23 | 116.98 ± 9.65 | 132.65 ± 10.65 |
10 | Caffeic acid | 67.98 ± 4.12 | 118.03 ± 8.65 | 156.60 ± 9.21 | 204.95 ± 15.45 | 45.32 ± 2.41 | 98.36 ± 5.68 | 142.36 ± 11.32 | 157.65 ± 10.56 |
11 | (-)-Epicatechin | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 123.65 ± 10.63 | n.d. | 102.98 ± 8.65 | n.d. |
12 | Syringic acid | 33.65 ± 1.23 | 50.83 ± 4.56 | 50.26 ± 5.21 | 94.20 ± 8.32 | n.d. | 42.36 ± 2.63 | 45.69 ± 3.58 | 85.64 ± 6.82 |
13 | p-Coumaric acid | 7.10 ± 0.65 | 10.62 ± 1.03 | 13.30 ± 1.22 | 22.09 ± 1.98 | 5.46 ± 0.36 | 9.65 ± 0.79 | 10.23 ± 0.95 | 15.78 ± 1.03 |
14 | Ferulic acid | 55.36 ± 4.32 | 65.31 ± 5.36 | 125.36 ± 9.56 | 136.98 ± 11.54 | 38.69 ± 2.32 | 62.65 ± 4.01 | 97.69 ± 6.41 | 145.32 ± 10.85 |
15 | 3,5-diCQA 2 | 879.32 ± 65.32 | 852.36 ± 75.75 | 753.84 ± 54.21 | 1194.62 ± 98.96 | 115.63 ± 11.21 | 125.65 ± 8.95 | 358.97 ± 22.41 | 459.47 ± 49.8 |
16 | Quinine | 1.23 ± 0.09 | 1.56 ± 0.12 | 2.12 ± 0.19 | 3.65 ± 0.25 | 0.68 ± 0.02 | 0.71 ± 0.02 | 0.87 ± 0.03 | 0.93 ± 0.03 |
17 | Naringin | 0.36 ± 0.02 | 0.52 ± 0.04 | 0.31 ± 0.02 | 0.51 ± 0.03 | n.d. | 0.45 ± 0.03 | n.d. | 0.39 ± 0.02 |
18 | Rutin | 2.36 ± 0.15 | 3.54 ± 0.26 | 5.23 ± 0.47 | 9.65 ± 0.87 | 1.25 ± 0.06 | 2.65 ± 0.13 | 6.35 ± 0.54 | 10.65 ± 0.85 |
19 | Hyperoside | 0.65 ± 0.05 | 0.32 ± 0.02 | 0.54 ± 0.03 | 0.87 ± 0.06 | 0.56 ± 0.03 | 0.40 ± 0.02 | 0.59 ± 0.04 | 0.52 ± 0.02 |
20 | Trans-cin acid 2 | 1.98 ± 0.12 | 2.35 ± 0.20 | 3.21 ± 0.31 | 4.95 ± 0.36 | 1.23 ± 0.04 | 2.56 ± 0.13 | 2.65 ± 0.14 | 4.87 ± 0.24 |
21 | Resveratrol | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. |
22 | Kae-3-glu 2 | 0.59 ± 0.03 | 0.47 ± 0.02 | 1.40 ± 0.09 | 1.89 ± 0.10 | 0.65 ± 0.04 | 0.36 ± 0.01 | 0.78 ± 0.05 | 1.26 ± 0.10 |
23 | Quercitrin | 0.43 ± 0.03 | 0.13 ± 0.01 | 0.62 ± 0.05 | 0.83 ± 0.07 | 0.36 ± 0.02 | 0.12 ± 0.01 | 0.41 ± 0.03 | 0.59 ± 0.05 |
24 | Quercetin | 3.74 ± 0.29 | 3.20 ± 0.28 | 3.76 ± 0.31 | 3.67 ± 0.33 | 3.12 ± 0.25 | 3.56 ± 0.25 | 3.42 ± 0.28 | 3.06 ± 0.20 |
25 | Isogentisin | 2.54 ± 0.19 | 1.05 ± 0.08 | 1.09 ± 0.09 | 0.99 ± 0.07 | 1.95 ± 0.15 | 0.95 ± 0.08 | 1.36 ± 0.11 | 1.10 ± 0.09 |
Total Compounds | 47,191.31 ± 3058.21 | 52,768.88 ± 3658.54 | 60,520.82 ± 4536.41 | 68,698.72 ± 5012.36 | 35,867.67 ± 2898.32 | 36,601.49 ± 3025.45 | 47,702.54 ± 3987.36 | 50,428.89 ± 4023.74 |
1 Each sample was analyzed in triplicate (n = 3) and values are expressed as means ± S.D.; 2 3-CQA, 3-Caffeoylquinic acid; 3,5-diCQA, 3,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid; 5-CQA, 5-Caffeoylquinic acid; Del-3,5-diglu, Delphinidin-3,5-diglucosiede; Cya-3-glu, Cyanidin-3-glucoside; Trans-cin acid, Trans-cinnamic acid; Kae-3-glu, Kaempferol-3-glucoside; 3 n.d., not detectable.