Table 1.
Chronological overview of studies included in the meta-analysis.
| Study | Sample Size (n) |
Age (Years) |
Total PE (h) |
Intervention Group PE |
Control Group |
Assessment of Motor Competence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Karabouniotis et al. (2002) [44] | 45 | 6 | 16 | Movement skill curriculum | Standard PE curriculum | TGMD |
| Martin et al. (2009) [45] | 54 | 6 | 10 | High autonomy PE | Low autonomy PE | TGMD-2 |
| Livonen et al. (2011) [46] | 84 | 5 | 36 | Movement literacy curriculum | Standard PE curriculum | FMS |
| Kalaja et al. (2012) [47] | 446 | 13 | 50 | FMS curriculum | Standard PE curriculum | FMS |
| Mostafavi et al. (2013) [48] | 60 | 5 | na | SPARK | Standard PE curriculum | TGMD-2 |
| Teixera Costa et al. (2015) [49] | 95 | 3 | 36 | Structured PE | No PE lessons | PMD |
| Miller et al. (2016) [50] | 107 | 11 | 6 | Game-centered curriculum | Wait-list | FMS |
| Jarani et al. (2016) [51] | 509 | 8 | 30 | Exercise or games-based | Standard PE curriculum | KTK |
| Gallotta et al. (2017) [52] | 230 | 10 | 40 | Fitness or coordination | Standard PE curriculum | KTK |
| Rudd et al. (2017) [53] | 310 | 8 | 32 | Gymnastics | Standard PE curriculum | TGMD-2, KTK |
| Rudd et al. (2017) [54] | 98 | 9 | 16 | Gymnastics | Standard PE curriculum | TGMD-2, KTK |
| Lander et al. (2017) [55] | 190 | 12 | 18 | FMS curriculum | Standard PE curriculum | FMS |
| Lopes et al. (2017) [56] | 60 | 9 | 48 and 73 | FMS curriculum | No PE lessons | FMS |
| Gu et al. (2018) [57] | 273 | 11 | 18 | Pedometer-based goal setting | Standard PE curriculum | PE Metrics TM |
| McGrane et al. (2018) [58] | 460 | 13 | 37 | PA towards health | Standard PE curriculum | TGMD-2 |
| Chan et al. (2019) [59] | 276 | 8 | 19 | AfL + FMS | Standard PE curriculum | TGMD-3 |
| Johnson et al. (2019) [60] | 96 | 4 | 15 | Mastery motivational climate | Standard PE curriculum | TGMD-3 |
| Dalziell et al. (2019) [61] | 143 | 11 | 32 | Better Movers and Thinkers | Standard PE curriculum | FLS |
| Kriellaars et al. (2019) [62] | 211 | 10 | 66 | Circus arts instruction | Standard PE curriculum | PLAY |
| Costello and Warne (2020) [63] | 100 | 9 | 4 | Movement literacy | Standard PE curriculum | FMS |
Abbreviations: PE Physical Education; MC Motor Competence; na Not available; TGMD Test of Gross Motor Development; FMS Fundamental movement/motor skills; PLAY Physical Literacy Assessment for Youth; PA Physical Activity; PMD Psychomotor developmental profile; KTK Körper Koordinationstest Für Kinder; FLS Fundamental Locomotor Skills; AfL Assessment for Learning; SPARK Sports, Play, and Active Recreation for Kids.