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. 2020 Jul 11;9:90. doi: 10.1186/s40249-020-00684-5

Table 1.

Heuristic comparison [26]

Problem-Solving Heuristic
(Corrective paradigm)
Social Innovation Heuristic
(Transformative paradigm)
Problems Possibilities
Gaps Strengths
Command & control Co-creation
Implementation Evolution
Products & Processes Patterns
Externalized institutions Internalised institutions
Despair Hope