Table 2.
Proprioceptive performance and fine motor skills: comparison between people with Parkinson’s disease and controls
| PwPD | Controls | p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LED test [°] | w/o dt | 4.3 ± 2.1 | 2.4 ± 0.8 | < 0.001a |
| with dt | 4.7 ± 2.2 | 3.0 ± 1.6 | 0.006a | |
| ARROW test [°] | w/o dt | 12.7 ± 3.5 | 6.5 ± 2.4 | < 0.001a |
| with dt | 12.5 ± 4.4 | 5.9 ± 3.3 | < 0.001a | |
| NHPT [s] | 25.4 ± 4.0 | 20.1 ± 2.7 | < 0.001a | |
| SPIRAL test, time [s] | 38.2 ± 15.9 | 28.1 ± 6.2 | 0.011 | |
| SPIRAL test, FOS | 1.40 ± 1.0 | 1.15 ± 0.4 | 0.754 | |
| ELEL test, speed [mm/s] | 8.2 ± 4.7 | 9.5 ± 3.2 | 0.107 | |
| ELEL test, amplitude [cm] | 1.23 ± 0.5 | 1.34 ± 0.4 | 0.458 | |
| ELEL test, width [cm] | 1.07 ± 0.6 | 1.35 ± 0.4 | 0.011 | |
PwPD Persons with Parkinson’s disease, dt dual task condition, NHPT nine-hole-peg test, FOS First Order Smoothness
a significant after Bonferroni-Holm correction