Table 3.
Long-term impact of maternal influenza infection on the offspring: multivariate logistic regression analysis
| Infant health screening | Offspring born to control (n = 1,406,692) |
Offspring born to women with a history of influenza (n = 34,614) | p-value | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted ORa (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Underweight, No. (%) | |||||
| 4th (30–42 months) | 97,312/979,890 (9.9%) | 2351/24,358 (9.7%) | 0.1502 | 0.969 (0.928–1.012) | 0.966 (0.925–1.009) |
| 5th (42–54 months) | 69,982/953,954 (7.3%) | 1656/23,592 (7.0%) | 0.0652 | 0.954 (0.907–1.004) | 0.948 (0.901–0.998) |
| 6th (54–66 months) | 65,354/886,721 (7.4%) | 1489/21,609 (6.9%) | 0.0076 | 0.930 (0.882–0.981) | 0.926 (0.877–0.976) |
| 7th (66–80 months) | 51,921/624,845 (8.3%) | 1134/14,144 (8.0%) | 0.2135 | 0.962 (0.905–1.023) | 0.956 (0.899–1.017) |
| Overweight, No. (%) | |||||
| 4th (30–42 months) | 77,412/979,890 (7.9%) | 2031/24,358 (8.3%) | 0.0123 | 1.060 (1.013–1.110) | 1.057 (1.009–1.107) |
| 5th (42–54 months) | 113,147/953,954 (11.9%) | 2854/23,592 (12.1%) | 0.2672 | 1.023 (0.983–1.064) | 1.020 (0.980–1.061) |
| 6th (54–66 months) | 111,473/886,721 (12.6%) | 2780/21,609 (12.9%) | 0.1984 | 1.027 (0.986–1.069) | 1.025 (0.984–1.067) |
| 7th (66–80 months) | 82,126/624,845 (13.1%) | 1969/14,144 (13.9%) | 0.0068 | 1.069 (1.018–1.121) | 1.063 (1.013–1.116) |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD) | |||||
| 4th (30–42 months) | 16.0942 (1.4050) | 16.1306 (1.4357) | < 0.0001 | ||
| 5th (42–54 months) | 16.0248 (1.4412) | 16.0456 (1.4382) | 0.0281 | ||
| 6th (54–66 months) | 15.9905 (1.6017) | 16.0198 (1.6687) | 0.0109 | ||
| 7th (66–80 months) | 16.1291 (1.8858) | 16.1709 (1.8875) | 0.0091 | ||
a Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed. ORs were adjusted for maternal age, diabetes, hypertension, primiparity, cesarean section, preterm labor, birth weight and neonatal sex
OR odds ratio; CI confidence interval