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. 2020 Jul 11;20:648. doi: 10.1186/s12913-020-05478-x

Table 4.

MANOVA – Differences in help-seeking strategies based on ethnic groups (factor level)

Country of origin Norway Russia Poland Pakistan Somalia F (4,729) p Partial Eta Square
M (SD) M (SD) M (SD) M (SD) M (SD)
Traditional 1.39 (0.64)a 1.78 (0.73)b, c 1.51 (0.73)a, b 2.09 (0.94)c 2.57 (1.26)d 65.17 < 0.00 0.24
Informal 3.80 (1.12)a 4.03 (0.97)a 3.78 (1.14)a 4.04 (1.17)a 4.50 (1.13)b 7.65 < 0.00 0.04
Semiformal 2.24 (0.87)a, b 2.31 (0.95)a, b 2.15 (1.07)a 2.17 (0.98)a, b 2.34 (1.14)b 2.55 0.04 0.01
Formal 3.62 (1.33)a 3.31 (1.36)a 3.37 (1.51)a 3.22 (1.30)a 3.35 (1.44)a 3.02 0.01 0.02

Means within a row with different subscripts are significantly different at p ≤ .025