TABLE 1.
Patient Characteristics by Symptom Subgroup (n = 3,921)
| Overall (n = 3,921) | Low symptom group (n = 1,574) | Moderate symptom group (n = 1,731) | High symptom group (n = 616) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | p | |
| Age (continuous) | 58 (11) | 58 (11) | 58 (11) | 57 (10) | ** |
| eGFR (continuous) | 41 (11) | 43 (11) | 40 (11) | 39 (12) | *** |
| BMI | 32 (8) | 31 (7) | 32 (8) | 34 (9) | *** |
| Systolic blood pressure | 129 (23) | 130 (22) | 129 (23) | 130 (22) | ** |
| Diastolic blood pressure | 72 (13) | 72 (13) | 71 (13) | 71 (13) | * |
| Beck Depression Inventory (continuous) | 8.1 (7.93) | 4.0 (4.7) | 8.9 (7.0) | 16.2 (9.8) | *** |
| KDQOL-36 PCS | 41.3 (11.52) | 47.9 (8.9) | 39.0 (10.7) | 30.7 (9.0) | *** |
| KDQOL-36 MCS | 50.3 (10.51) | 55.0 (7,4) | 49.6 (10.1) | 40.8 (11.3) | *** |
| KDQOL-36 self-reported healtha | 3.3 (0.97) | 2.78 (0.9) | 3.41 (0.82) | 4.03 | *** |
| Gender | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |
| Female | 1769 (45) | 569 (58) | 844 (49) | 356 (58) | *** |
| Male | 2152 (55) | 1005 (64) | 887 (51) | 260 (42) | |
| Race/ethnicity | |||||
| nH Black | 1639 (42) | 653 (42) | 686 (39) | 300 (49) | *** |
| Hispanic | 495 (13) | 139 (9) | 258 (15) | 98 (16) | |
| nH White | 1635 (42) | 714 (45) | 722 (42) | 199 (32) | |
| Asian/NHP/AIAN | 152 (4) | 68 (4) | 65 (4) | 19 (3) | |
| Annual household income | |||||
| ≤$20,000 | 1233 (31) | 335 (21) | 576 (33) | 322 (53) | *** |
| $20,001-$50,000 | 952 (24) | 373 (24) | 442 (26) | 137 (22) | |
| $50,001-$100,000 | 733 (19) | 381 (24) | 296 (17) | 56 (9) | |
| $100,000+ | 390 (10) | 235 (15) | 136 (8) | 19 (3) | |
| Do not wish to answer | 609 (16) | 280 (16) | 280 (16) | 81 (13) | |
| Educational attainment | |||||
| High school or less | 1562 (40) | 529 (34) | 731 (42) | 302 (49) | *** |
| Some college | 1139 (29) | 425 (27) | 510 (30) | 204 (33) | |
| College and beyond | 110 (18) | 619 (39) | 490 (28) | 110 (18) | |
| Marital status | |||||
| Single, separated, or divorced | 1773 (45) | 599 (38) | 813 (47) | 361 (59) | *** |
| Married or domestic partner | 2148 (55) | 975 (62) | 918 (53) | 255 (41) | |
| Smoking history | |||||
| Never | 1776 (45) | 770 (49) | 755 (44) | 251 (41) | *** |
| Former | 1633 (42) | 631 (40) | 749 (43) | 253 (41) | |
| Current | 512 (13) | 173 (11) | 227 (13) | 112 (18) | |
| Kidney disease stage | |||||
| Stage 2 (60–89 ml/min/1.73 m2) | 194 (5) | 92 (6) | 74 (4) | 28 (5) | *** |
| Stage 3a (45–59 ml/min/1.73 m2) | 1295 (33) | 626 (40) | 508 (30) | 161 (26) | |
| Stage 3b (30–44 ml/min/1.73 m2) | 1653 (42) | 628 (40) | 748 (43) | 277 (45) | |
| Stage 4 (15–29 ml/min/1.73 m2) | 779 (20) | 228 (14) | 401 (23) | 150 (24) | |
| History of cardiovascular event | |||||
| Myocardial Infarction | 858 (22%) | 263 (17) | 406 (24) | 189 (31) | *** |
| Congestive heart failure | 380 (10%) | 82 (5) | 187 (11) | 111 (18) | *** |
| Atrial fibrillation | 665 (17%) | 185 (12) | 326 (19) | 154 (25) | *** |
| Peripheral arterial disease | 262 (7%) | 49 (3) | 150 (9) | 63 (10) | *** |
| Stroke | 390 (10%) | 121 (8) | 188 (11) | 81 (13) | *** |
| Diabetes | 1931 (49%) | 648 (41) | 914 (53) | 369 (60) | *** |
| Hypertensive | 3403 (87%) | 1337 (85) | 1509 (87) | 557 (90) | *** |
Note. eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate; BMI = body mass index; KDQOL = Kidney Disease Quality of Life; PCS = physical composite score; MCS = mental composite score; nH = non-Hispanic; NHP = Native Hawaiian Pacific Islander; AIAN = American Indian Alaska Native.
a
KDQOL-36 self-reported health was rated on a Likert-type scale (1 = excellent, 2 = very good, 3 = good, 4 = fair, 5 = poor). Higher scores indicate worse health.
*
p < .05.
**
p < .01.
***
p < .001.