Table 3.
Ultrasound Measurements of the diaphragm at total lung capacity, functional residual capacity, and residual volume and rectus femoris cross-sectional area
| Parameter (mean±SD) | Case (n=24) | Control (n=18) | P | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diaphragm thicknes (mm) | 1.7±0.5 | 2.3±0.6 | 0.005 | −0.98-−0.18 |
| TLC LZOA (cm) | 1.9±1.2* | 2.1±1.0 | 0.38 | −1.09-0.43 |
| FRC LZOA (cm) | 4.1±1.6 | 4.7±1.7 | 0.28 | −0.51-1.69 |
| RV LZOA (cm) | 7.8±2.4 | 9.8±1.6 | 0.01 | −3.50-−0.43 |
| Diaphragm excursion | 5.35±2.8 | 7±2.6 | 0.07 | −3.4-0.18 |
| RFCSA (cm2) | 4.7±0.3 | 6.07±1.2 | 0.003 | −2.23-−0.49 |
*Four COPD patients had a TLC LZOA in the range of 0–0.2 cm. Hence not included in this calculation. TLC: Total lung capacity, LZOA: Length of the zone of apposition, FRC:, RV: Residual volume, RFCSA: Rectus femoris cross-sectional area, COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CI: Confidence interval, SD: Standard deviation