Table 1. The baseline clinical characteristics of the participants.
| Variables | Patients with lung cancer (N=32) | Patients with benign pulmonary diseases (N=22) | P value* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 64.3 (8.44) | 56.5 (14.30) | 0.0547 |
| Gender | 0.25 | ||
| Male | 23 (71.9) | 12 (54.5) | |
| Female | 9 (28.1) | 10 (45.5) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.1 (3.09) | 21.3 (2.95) | 0.0782 |
| Smoking status | 1 | ||
| Never smoking | 15 (46.9) | 13 (59.1) | |
| Ever smokers | 10 (31.2) | 5 (22.7) | |
| Current smokers | 7 (21.9) | 4 (18.2) | |
| Smoking index | 504 (627) | 252 (375) | 0.178 |
| Tumor markers | |||
| CEA | 78.05 (176.1) | 3.38 (2.79) | 0.00039* |
| NSE | 27.46 (30.59) | 14.43 (3.97) | 0.03104* |
| CYFRA21-1 | 11.3 (25.57) | 2.22 (0.92) | 0.00003* |
| Histology | |||
| LUAD | 16 (50.0) | – | |
| LUSC | 9 (28.1) | – | |
| SCLC | 7 (21.9) | – | |
| Tumor stage | |||
| I | 7 (21.9) | – | |
| II | 0 (0.0) | – | |
| III | 3 (9.4) | – | |
| IV | 15 (46.9) | – | |
| Limited stage | 3 (9.4) | – | |
| Extensive stage | 4 (12.5) | – |
The data are shown as the mean (standard deviation) for continuous variables and number (%) for categorical variables. *, P<0.05. BMI, body mass index; LUAD, adenocarcinoma; LUSC, squamous cell carcinoma; SCLC, small cell lung cancer; CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; NSE, neuron specific enolase; CYFRA21-1, cytokeratin 19 fragment.