Fig. 13.

SEM images of AgNPs modified cvdG for 1 s, 5 s, 10 s, and 30 s in 0.2 M KNO₃ containing 0.7 mM AgNO₃ stepping the potential from 0 to − 0.4 V (a). AgNPs were deposited on cvdG at potentials of − 0.2 V, − 0.4 V, − 0.6 V, and − 0.8 V, respectively, for 30 s (b). All potentials are given vs. Ag/AgCl. Adapted from [141] with permission from The Royal Society of Chemistry