Table 2.
Antiviral activities and cytotoxicities of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 antiviral agents identified in the primary screening.
| Antiviral Agent | CC50 (CellTiterGlo®) a | EC50 (Plaque Reduction Assay) | Select Index (CC50/EC50) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pegasys (pegylated IFN-α2a) | >50,000 IU/mL | 1068.0 IU/mL | >46.8 |
| Avonex (IFN-β1a) | >50,000 IU/mL | 109.6 IU/mL | >456.2 |
| Rebif (IFN-β1a) | >50,000 IU/mL | 70.8 IU/mL | >706.2 |
| Betaferon (IFN-β1b) | >50,000 IU/mL | 31.2 IU/mL | >1602.6 |
| Immukin (IFN-γ1b) | >50,000 IU/mL | 142.2 IU/mL | >351.6 |
| 25-hydroxycholesterol | >50 µM | 4.2 µM | >11.9 |
| AM580 | 126 µM | 7.6 µM | 16.6 |
| Lopinavir | 102 µM | 11.6 µM | 8.8 |
| Remdesivir | >100 µM | 1.04 µM | 96.2 |
a >50,000 IU/mL, >50 µM, and >100 µM indicate the highest antiviral agent concentrations tested in the cytotoxicity assay was 50,000 IU/mL (IFNs), 50 µM (25-hydroxycholesterol), and 100 µM (remdesivir), respectively. Abbreviations: CC50, 50% cytotoxic concentration; EC50, 50% maximal effective concentration; IFN, interferon.