Molecular phylogenetic analysis by maximum likelihood method based on a short (250 bps) sequence alignment of the DNA polymerase gene of human and simian adenoviruses. The evolutionary history was inferred using the maximum likelihood method, based on the Tamura three-parameter model. Sequences were aligned by the ClustalW method and compared with each other as well as with available DNA polymerase sequences from GenBank. Sequences in this study are indicated by the following colors: brown for humans; green for gorillas; blue for chimpanzees; violet for macaques and red for baboons. Sequences from GenBank are in black. AdV types from HAdV-C, -B and -E were detected in African NHPs and from HAdV-C and -D in humans. HAdV-C jumped from humans to gorillas and, inversely, HAdV-C strains G06 and G07A jumped from gorillas to humans from the Republic of Congo. The tree with the highest log likelihood (−1102.33) is shown. The percentage of trees in which the associated taxa clustered together is shown next to the branches. The tree is drawn to scale, with branch lengths measured in the number of substitutions per site. The analysis involved 59 nucleotide sequences. The confidence probability (multiplied by 100) for the inside length of the branch is greater than 0, as estimated by the bootstrap test (1000), which is shown next to the branches.