Figure 5.

Proposed model of CPV2 E6 and E7 interference within the cytosolic dsDNA and dsRNA signaling pathways within keratinocytes. CPV2 E6 predominantly inhibits the basal expression of type I and III IFNs and IFN-stimulated genes, which ultimately results in diminished expression of IFNs and IFN-stimulated genes after stimulation with dsDNA and dsRNA. CPV2 E7 does not affect basal expression of IFNs and IFN-stimulated genes, but significantly impacts the induced IFN and IFN-stimulated gene expression in response to dsDNA stimulation. CPV2 E7 also abrogates signaling through the type I IFN receptor pathway to diminish expression of IFN-stimulated genes. CPV2, canine papillomavirus 2; IRF, interferon regulatory factor; IFN, interferon.