. 2020 Jun 4;12(6):372. doi: 10.3390/toxins12060372

Table 2.

BMAA effect on the protein profile of Nostoc during growth in nitrogen-replete medium. The fold changes between the BMAA-treated samples and the control samples are shown, (p < 0.1). Statistical significance of the observed differences in each case was calculated by the Welch’s 2-sided t-test with the Benjamini–Yekutieli adjustment for multiple comparisons with p-value thresholds of less than 0.1. (*) Genes that are under transcriptional control of the global nitrogen regulator NtcA (according to the CollecTF database).

No.	Protein	Gene	Function	Fold Change LFQ Ratio BMAA-Treated/Control		p-Value
Nitrogen Metabolism (Two Proteins)
1	GlnB\|P-II	all2319*	Nitrogen regulatory protein	1.75		0.0999
2	glutamate synthase (ferredoxin) [EC:1.4.7.1]\|(GenBank) gltS; ferredoxin-glutamate synthase	alr4344	Nitrogen metabolism and Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism		0.71	0.0226
Photosynthesis (7 Proteins)
3	cpcB	alr0528	phycocyanin beta chain	1.14		0.0909
4	cpcG4	alr0537	phycobilisome rod-core linker protein	1.18		0.0625
5	EC:7.1.2.2,7.2.2.1 atpB ATP synthase F0F1 subunit beta F-type H⁺/Na⁺-transporting ATPase subunit beta	all5039	Oxidative phosphorylation, Photosynthesis		0.83	0.0858
6	psbB	all0138	photosystem II CP47 protein		0.82	0.0717
7	psbV	all0259	cytochrome c-550		0.71	0.0533
8	apcF	all2327	phycobilisome core component		0.82	0.0533
9	psaE; photosystem I protein E	asr4319	photosystem I subunit IV		0.69	0.0040
CO₂ Fixation and Carbon Dioxide Concentration Mechanism (7 Proteins)
10	RbcL [EC:4.1.1.39]	alr1524*	CO₂ fixation ribulosebisophosphate carboxylase large chain	1.67		0.0535
11	Rca	alr1533*	CO₂ fixation RuBisCO activase	1.79		0.0112
12	CcmK	all0868	CO₂ fixation Carbon dioxide-concentrating mechanism protein	1.82		0.0103
13	RbcS [EC:4.1.1.39]	alr1526*	CO₂ fixation Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small chain		0.68	0.0148
14	CcmK	alr0318	CO₂ fixation Carbon dioxide-concentrating mechanism protein		0.76	0.0533
15	CmpA bicarbonate transport bicarbonate-binding protein	alr2877	Part of the ABC transporter complex Cmp ABCD involved in bicarbonate transport, binds bicarbonate with high affinity		found only in control sample	0.0228
16	transketolase [EC:2.2.1.1]	alr3344	Pentose phosphate pathway Carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms		0.79	0.0669
Cell Division (Two Proteins)
17	FtsH	all3642	cell division protein		0.76	0.0588
18	MinD	alr3456	septum site-determining protein		0.67	0.0008
Regulatory Proteins and Proteases (9 Proteins)
19	ClpP EC:3.4.21.92	alr3683	ATP-dependent protease ClpP proteolytic subunit	1.85		0.0378
20	Serine proteinase	alr2758	modification, protein turnover, chaperones	1.82		0.0062
21	RbpD\|RNA-binding protein	asl4022		2.7		0.0339
22	mRNA-binding protein	alr4831		1.72		0.0630
23	Cytochrome P450	all1361	Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases is a heme-dependent enzyme that introduces oxygen into a wide range of molecules	1.49		0.0177
24	YggE, uncharacterized conserved protein	all0089*	It contains kinase-interacting SIMPL domain		found only in control sample	0.0162
25	MBL fold metallo-hydrolase	all0268	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/cdd/cl23716		found only in control sample	0.0037
26	RpaA DNA-binding response regulator, OmpR family	all0129*	two-component system, OmpR family, response regulator		0.83	0.0089
27	DNA-binding protein HU, hanA	asr3935	histone-like DNA-binding protein HU		0.70	0.0007
Transporters (Two Proteins)
28	ABC transporter ATP-binding protein	alr2372	ABC-2-type transport system ATP-binding protein	1.49		0.0408
29	ABC transporter ATP-binding protein	alr1554*	ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B	3.23		0.0375
Stress Response ( 6 Proteins)
31	thioredoxin 1	all1866	Chaperones and folding catalysts, reduces disulfide bonds in other proteins		found only in control sample	0.0489
32	RecA	all3272	recombinase A	3.7		0.0417
33	Glutathione reductase (NADPH) [EC:1.8.1.7]	all4968	Glutathione metabolism	1.49		0.0202
34	leucylaminopeptidase [EC:3.4.11.1]	alr0237	Glutathione metabolism	1.49		0.0469
35	aldo/ketoreductase	all2316	Positive role of AKR in detoxification of reactive carbonyl species (RCS) produced under oxidative stress	2.04		0.0143
36	polyribonucleotidenucleotidyltransferase [EC:2.7.7.8]	all4396	RNA degradation	1.28		0.0632
Translation (7 Proteins)
37	IF-2	alr3832	translation initiation factor	1.23		0.0395
38	50S ribosomal protein L16	all4208	large subunit ribosomal protein L16	1.54		0.0142
39	RpsP protein	asr1953	small subunit ribosomal protein S16	3.33		0.0007
40	DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit omega [EC:2.7.7.6]	asr4648	Promotes RNA polymerase assembly	1.61		0.0073
41	isoleucyl-tRNAsynthetase [EC:6.1.1.5]	alr1073	Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis	1.47		0.0313
42	protein S13	all4193*	small subunit ribosomal		0.46	0.0255
43	protein S10	all4336	small subunit ribosomal		0.68	0.0201
Amino Acid Synthesis and Metabolism (10 Proteins)
44	valine-pyruvate aminotransferase [EC:2.6.1.66]	alr2811*	Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis		0.625	0.0887
45	ilvG, acetolactate synthase I/II/III large subunit [EC:2.2.1.6]	all4613*	Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis		0.51	0.0315
46	argininosuccinate synthase [EC:6.3.4.5]	alr4798	Arginine biosynthesis Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism		0.72	0.0704
47	phosphoserine phosphatase [EC:3.1.3.3]	alr3338	Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism		found only in control sample	0.0191
48	ornithine carbamoyltransferase [EC:2.1.3.3]	alr4907	Arginine biosynthesis		found only in control sample	0.0015
49	NodM, glutamine-fructose-6-phosphatetransaminase (isomerizing) [EC:2.6.1.16]	alr3464	Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism	1.43		0.0113
50	Urea subunit alpha [EC:3.5.1.5]	alr 3670	Arginine biosynthesis Purine metabolism	1.59		0.0648
51	murE UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanyl-D-glutamate-2,6-diaminopimelateligase [EC:6.3.2.13] \|	all1663	Lysine biosynthesis Peptidoglycan biosynthesis	1.27		0.0623
52	RHH-type transcriptional regulator, proline utilization regulon repressor/proline dehydrogenase/delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate dehydrogenase [EC:1.5.5.21.2.1.88]	alr0540	Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism Arginine and proline metabolism	1.79		0.0362
53	cysteine synthase [EC:2.5.1.47]	all2521*	Cysteine and methionine metabolism Sulfur metabolism	1.72		0.0266
Nucleotide Synthesis (4 Proteins)
54	phosphoribosylformyl- glycinamidine cyclo-ligase [EC:6.3.3.1]	alr3525	Purine metabolism		0.67	0.0605
55	Phosphoribosylamine- glycine ligase [EC:6.3.4.13]	alr3510	Purine metabolism		found only in control sample	0.0005
56	nucleoside-diphosphate kinase [EC:2.7.4.6]	alr3402	Purine metabolism Pyrimidine metabolism	1.92		0.0212
57	uracil phosphoribosyltransferase [EC:2.4.2.9]	all2063	Pyrimidine metabolism	2.04		0.0528
Starch and Sucrose Metabolism (Two Proteins)
58	4-alpha-glucanotransferase [EC:2.4.1.25]	alr3871	Starch and sucrose metabolism	1.69		0.0008
59	fructokinase [EC:2.7.1.4]	alr0517	Fructose and mannose metabolism Starch and sucrose metabolism	1.69		0.0837
Sulfur Metabolism (One Protein)
60	phosphoadenosinephosphosulfate reductase [EC:1.8.4.8 1.8.4.10]	all4464	Sulfur metabolism		0.65	0.0151
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis (One Protein)
61	3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] reductase [EC:1.1.1.100]	alr1894	Fatty acid biosynthesis Biotin metabolism	2.86		0.0316
Energy Metabolism (Two Proteins)
62	NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase subunit J [EC:7.1.1.2]	all3840	Oxidative phosphorylation	found only in BMAA-treated sample		0.0940
63	inorganic pyrophosphatase [EC:3.6.1.1]	all3570*	Oxidative phosphorylation		0.77	0.0806