Table 8.
Cytokine secretion by epithelial cells during hRSV and hMPV infection.
| Function | hRSV | hMPV |
|---|---|---|
| Angiogenesis, vasodilation, and endothelium activation | VEGF, FGF, IL-1α/β | IL-1α |
| Local and general inflammation | IL-1α/β, IL-6, TNF-α | IL-6, IL-32 |
| Antivirals | IFN-λ, TRAIL | IFN-α, IFN-λ |
| Colony-stimulating factors | G-CSF, GM-CSF | - |
| TH2-polarizing cytokines | TSLP, HMGB-1, CCL2, IL-25, IL-33 | TSLP, IL-33 |
| DC, monocyte, and macrophage recruitment | CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CCL7 | CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, CCL5 |
| Neutrophil recruitment | CXCL8 (IL-8) | CXCL8 (IL-8), CCL5 (RANTES) |
| Eosinophil recruitment | CCL5, CCL11 (Eotaxin-1) | CCL5 (RANTES) |
| NK cell recruitment | CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11 | CCL3, CCL4, CCL5, CXCL10 |