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. 2020 May 29;12(6):592. doi: 10.3390/v12060592

Figure 1.

Figure 1

HBV DNAs but not RNAs are immunostimulatory. Total nucleic acids (n.ac.) were extracted from SeV, MVA-gfp or HBV particles. HBV DNA replication intermediates (HBV R.I.) were extracted from HepAD38 cytoplasm. Total RNAs were extracted from HepAD38 or HepG2 cells. When indicated, the nucleic acids were digested with RNAse (blue) or DNAse (red; black bars: undigested). Human MDDCs were transfected with 10-fold dilutions of the nucleic acids (quantified in Table 3). ISG54 mRNA level was quantified by RT-qPCR 6 h post-transfection. Average and SEM of three technical replicates of at least two donors are shown. Levels of significance over mock transfection: **** p < 0.0001, *** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.01 and * p < 0.05 (Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn’s multiple comparisons test).