Table 1.
Summary of results from all interventions and parameters measured.
| Intervention | EV (mL) | P Versus. Baseline | PV (cm/s) | P Versus. Baseline | TAMEAN (cm/s) | P Versus. Baseline |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | 16.62 ± 9.1 | 17.54 ± 4.1 | 3.57 ± 1.0 | |||
|
Voluntary
Contraction |
30.65 ± 13.7 | P = 0.0004 | 75.91 ± 13.8 | P < 0.0001 | 7.17 ± 3.0 | P < 0.0001 |
| NUIG | 23.14 ± 11.4 | P = 0.38 | 63.82 ± 18.2 | P < 0.0001 | 5.34 ± 1.6 | P = 0.08 |
| GekoTM | 19.76 ± 10.6 | P = 0.90 | 46.34 ± 18.3 | P < 0.0001 | 4.2 ± 1.6 | P = 0.86 |
Ejected volume (EV), peak venous velocity (PV), and timed average velocity (TAMEAN) represented in subgroups for 12-s measurement windows. P-value versus baseline for intervention subgroup. P-value versus mean ± standard deviation.