Table 5.

Changes in cortisol metabolite excretion rate and cortisol metabolite ratios during pubertal development.

Parameter	Pubertal stagea	Girls Mean difference (95% CI)	P value	Boys Mean difference (95% CI)	P value
Cortisol metabolite excretion rate	A -> B B -> C	−0.004 (−0.069–0.060) −0.128 (−0.188–0.068)	0.913 <0.001	−0.059 (−0.160–−0.012) −0.024 (−0.097–0.048)	0.040 0.580
5α-reductase activity	A -> B	0.928 (−0.234–2.090)	0.189	−1.150 (−2.367–−1.150)	0.120
	B -> C	−4.406 (−5.703–−3.109)	<0.001	0.303 (−0.945–−0.303)	0.690
5β-reductase activity (a)	A -> B	1.953 (1.097–2.808)	<0.001	1.172 (−0.209–2.553)	0.163
	B -> C	−1.325 (−2.366–−0.284)	0.036	−0.638 (−2.113–0.837)	0.477
5β-reductase activity (b)	A -> B	4.416 (1.501–7.331)	0.013	2.056 (−0.359–4.471)	0.161
	B -> C	−5.422 (−8.335–−2.508)	0.002	1.003 (−2.180–4.186)	0.604
11β-HSD type 2 activity	A -> B	−0.124 (−0.213–−0.036)	0.021	0.043 (−0.025–0.111)	0.302
	B -> C	0.492 (0.363–0.620)	<0.001	0.326 (0.220–0.433)	<0.001
Balance of 11β-HSD activities	A -> B B -> C	−0.061 (−0.119–−0.004) 0.117 (0.046–0.188)	0.079 0.007	0.016 (−0.031–0.063) 0.153 (0.089–0.218)	0.566 <0.001
Cytochrome P450 3A4 activity	A -> B B -> C	0.013 (−0.205–0.232) −0.134 (−0.400–0.133)	0.919 0.410	−0.121 (−0.315–0.073) 0.025 (−0.251–0.301)	0.304 0.883

^aA = pre-pubertal (Tanner stage 1); B = early pubertal (Tanner stage 2–3); C = late-pubertal (Tanner stage 4–5).