Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies.
| First author | Publication year | Patients | Sample size | Mean/median age (years) | ADMA assay | Variable type | Comparison | Mean follow-up (months) | Variables adjusted | Outcomes | NOS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Duckelmann, C. | 2007 | CHF | 276 | 70 | HPLC | Categorical | Highest tertile vs. lowest tertile > 0.64 vs. <0.51 μmol/L | 14.2 | Age, sex, GFR, LVEF, systolic blood pressure, and BMI | Cardiac decompensation, MACE, or all-cause death | 9/9 |
| Duckelmann, C. | 2008 | Acute decompensated HF | 118 | 73 | HPLC | Categorical | Above median vs. below median > 3051 vs. <3051 pg/mL | 10.7 | None | MACE, or all-cause death | 9/9 |
| Tang, W. H. | 2008 | Stable but symptomatic HF | 132 | 57.8 | HPLC | Continuous | Per ADMA log-1 SD increment | 33 | Age, eGFR, and LVEF | Death, cardiac transplantation, or heart failure hospitalization | 8/9 |
| Anderssohn, M | 2012 | CHF due to ICM or DCM | 341 | 55.1 | HPLC | Continuous | Per ADMA log-1 unit increment | 39.6 | None | All-cause mortality | 8/9 |
| Hsu, C. P. | 2012 | CHF | 285 | 70 | HPLC | Continuous & categorical | Above vs. below the best discriminating ADMA level by ROC curve > 0.48 vs. <0.48 mmol/L | 26.4 | Age, log NT-proBNP level, eGFR and LVEF | Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) or cardiac decompensation needing hospitalization | 9/9 |
| Zairis, M. N. | 2012 | Acute decompensation CHF | 651 | 73 | HPLC | Categorical | Highest quartile vs. lowest quartile 1.83~3.70 vs. 0.21~0.76 μmol/L | 12 | Age, sex, SBP, HR, atrial fibrillation, acute pulmonary edema, LVEF, eGFR, Na, and BNP | Cardiac mortality | 9/9 |
| Mommersteeg, P. M. C. | 2016 | HF | 104 | 66 | UPLC | Continuous | Ln ADMA | 73.2 | Age, sex, poor exercise tolerance [6MWT<300 m] and comorbidity burden | All-cause mortality | 9/9 |
| Wang, C. H. | 2016 | AHF or decompensated CHF | 136 | 58.9 | UPLC | Continuous | ADMA | 27.6 | Age, LVEF, diabetes mellitus, eGFR, and BNP | HF-related re-ospitalization and all-cause death | 9/9 |
| Potočnjak, I. | 2018 | AHF | 152 | 75.2 | HPLC | Continuous | Per ADMA 1 SD increment | 3 months | Age, sex, NT-pro BNP, GFR, MAP, and LDL-C | All-cause death | 9/9 |
HPLC: high-performance liquid chromatography; UPLC: ultraperformance liquid chromatography; CHF: chronic heart failure; AHF: acute heart failure; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; ICM: ischemic cardiomyopathy; DCM: dilated cardiomyopathy; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; NOS: Newcastle-Ottawa Scale criteria; ROC: receiver operating characteristic; 6MWT: Six-Minute Walk Test.