Table 1.
Patient characteristics for machine learning (ML) model development and external validation.
| SR (mTICI 2b−3) | UR (mTICI 0–2a) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Development | External Validation | p-value | Development | External Validation | p-value | |
| Number of patients | 29 | 27 | - | 24 | 12 | - |
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 63 ± 13 | 67 ± 11 | 0.17 | 64 ± 14 | 67 ± 18 | 0.62 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 19 (66) | 15 (56) | 0.46 | 17 (71) | 7 (58) | 0.49 |
| NIHSS score at baseline * | 15 (11–18) | 16 (10–20) | 0.84 | 13 (9–18) | 18 (15–19) | 0.03 |
| Onset to MRI time (m) * | 131 (99–173) | 97 (70–140) | 0.20 | 187 (113–225) | 138 (124–216) | 0.75 |
| DWI lesion vol (mL), initial * | 15 (6–33) | 11 (5–28) | 0.88 | 9 (5–18) | 15 (6–38) | 0.58 |
| PWI lesion vol (mL), initial * | 93 (59–133) | 104 (72–146) | 0.73 | 83 (53–143) | 96 (81–125) | 0.93 |
| DWI lesion vol (mL), day-7 * | 17 (8–57) | 21 (14–79) | 0.20 | 61 (32–118) | 124 (84–173) | 0.12 |
| Mode of treatment | ||||||
| No, n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | - | 4 (17) | 0 (0) | - |
| IV tPA only, n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | - | 1 (4) | 3 (25) | - |
| EVT ± IV tPA, n (%) | 29 (100) | 27 (100) | - | 19 (79) | 9 (75) | - |
* Median (IQR), Abbreviations: SR, successful recanalization; UR, unsuccessful recanalization; mTICI, modified treatment in cerebral infarction; SD, standard deviation; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; IQR, interquartile range; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; DWI, diffusion-weighted imaging; PWI, perfusion-weighted imaging; IV, intravenous; tPA, tissue plasminogen activator; EVT, endovascular treatment.