Table 1.
The characteristics of the included studies.
| No | First Author | Year of Publication | Type of Study | Country (Region) | Host Journal | Glaucoma Cases | Controls | Mean Age (years) * | Controls Deposit | Glaucoma Subtype | H. pylori Infection Diagnosis | MD of Anti-H. pylori Titers | NOS Score | Relationship between H. pylori and Glaucoma (OR, CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Abrishami et al. | 2007 | Cohort | Iran (East) | Bina J Ophthalmol | 44 | 79 | 60.8 | Cataract | POAG | ELISA | N/A | N/A | 3.69 (1.68–8.13) |
| 2 | Deshpande et al. | 2008 | Case-control | India (East) | J Glaucoma | 50 | 50 | 63.7 | Cataract | POAG | ELISA | 20′220 | 8 | 1.20 (0.52–2.79) |
| 3 | Deshpande et al. | 2008 | Case-control | India (East) | J Glaucoma | 50 | 50 | 67 | Cataract | PEG | ELISA | −8′610 | 0.41 (0.18–0.91) | |
| 4 | Galloway et al. | 2003 | Cohort | Canada (West) | Ophthalmology | 38 | 94 | 63.2 | Healthy | POAG | ELISA | −10′600 | 8 | 1.41 (0.59–3.4) |
| 5 | Galloway et al. | 2003 | Cohort | Canada (West) | Ophthalmology | 16 | 94 | 73.2 | Healthy | PEG | ELISA | 18′500 | 1.32 (0.38–4.54) | |
| 6 | Galloway et al. | 2003 | Cohort | Canada (West) | Ophthalmology | 19 | 94 | 67.7 | Healthy | NTG | ELISA | 23′300 | 1.41 (0.45–4.4) | |
| 7 | Hong et al. | 2007 | Case-control | China (East) | Asian J Ophtholmol | 24 | 24 | 63.9 | Healthy | POAG | UBT | N/A | 8 | 4.49 (1.26–16) |
| 8 | Kim et al. | 2011 | Retrospective Cohort | South Korea (East) | IOVS | 100 | 88 | 55.6 | Healthy | NTG | ELISA | N/A | 8 | 2.05 (1.12–3.75) |
| 9 | Kim et al. | 2011 | Retrospective Cohort | South Korea (East) | IOVS | 104 | 1116 | 53.4 | Healthy | NTG | ELISA | N/A | 1.83 (1.17–2.86) | |
| 10 | Kountouras et al. | 2003 | Cohort | Greece (West) | Graefe’s Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol | 27 | 31 | 70.6 | Cataract | POAG | ELISA | 37′210 | 8 | 2.35 (0.63–8.76) |
| 11 | Kountouras et al. | 2003 | Cohort | Greece (West) | Graefe’s Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol | 19 | 31 | 69.2 | Cataract | PEG | ELISA | 25′800 | 25 (1.38–452.34) | |
| 12 | Kountouras et al. | 2002 | Cohort | Greece (West) | Arch Intern Med | 41 | 30 | 61.4 | Anemia | POAG | HISTOLOGY | 18′570 | 8 | 8.23 (2.53–26.75) |
| 13 | Kountouras et al. | 2001 | Case-control | Greece (West) | Ophthalmology | 32 | 30 | 64 | Anemia | POAG | HISTOLOGY | N/A | 8 (2.25–28.48) | |
| 14 | Kountouras et al. | 2001 | Case-control | Greece (West) | Ophthalmology | 9 | 30 | 62 | Anemia | PEG | HISTOLOGY | N/A | 7 | 9.14 (1.01–82.44) |
| 15 | Kurtz et al. | 2008 | Cohort | Israel (West) | J Glaucoma | 13 | 36 | 67.7 | Cataract | POAG | ELISA | N/A | 8 | 0.74 (0.21–2.67) |
| 16 | Kurtz et al. | 2008 | Cohort | Israel (West) | J Glaucoma | 23 | 36 | Cataract | PEG | ELISA | N/A | 1.19 (0.4–3.54) | ||
| 17 | Kurtz et al. | 2008 | Cohort | Israel (West) | J Glaucoma | 15 | 36 | Cataract | NTG | ELISA | N/A | 0.96 (0.28–3.27) | ||
| 18 | Noche et al. | 2016 | Case-control | Cameroon (Africa) | Ophthalmology and Eye Diseases | 50 | 31 | 58.52 | Healthy | POAG | ELISA | N/A | 8 | 0.42 (0.12–1.43) |
| 19 | Samarai et al. | 2014 | Case-control | Iran (East) | Global Journal of Health Science | 37 | 42 | 73.05 | Anemia | POAG | ELISA | N/A | 8 | 5.61 (1.68–18.75) |
| 20 | Sultana et al. | 2019 | Case-control | Bangladesh (East) | BSMMU J | 40 | 40 | 51.4 | Healthy | POAG | ELISA | N/A | 8 | 3.89 (1.53–9.87) |
| 21 | Tsolaki et al. | 2015 | Cohort | Greece (West) | BMC Ophthalmology | 35 | 31 | 62.18 | Healthy | POAG | HISTOLOGY | N/A | 7 | 2.65 (0.97–7.24) |
| 22 | Tuzcu et al. | 2015 | Case-control | Turkey (East) | Arq Bras Oftalmol | 35 | 35 | 59.08 | Healthy | POAG | UBT | N/A | 8 | 1.41 (0.55–3.62) |
| 23 | Zavos et al. | 2012 | Case-control | Greece (West) | Ophthalmic Res | 51 | 35 | 71.4 | Anemia | POAG | HISTOLOGY | N/A | 8 | 5.69 (2.08–15.54) |
* refers to glaucoma group, CI; Confidence Interval, ELISA; Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay, H. pylori; Helicobacter pylori, MD; Differences of Means, N/A; not available, NOS; Newcastle-Ottawa scale, NTG; Normal Tension Glaucoma, OAG; Open Angle Glaucoma. OR; Odds Ratio, PEG; Pseudo-Exfoliation Glaucoma,UBT; urea breath test.