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Schematic representation of the RANK/RANKL pathway. Pathways activated by RANK-RANKL signaling and downstream targets. ERK = extracellular signal-related kinases; JNK = cJun amino-terminal kinases; NF-κB = nuclear factor κB; PI3K = phosphoinositide 3-kinase; RANK = receptor activator of nuclear factor κB; RANKL = receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand; TRAF = TNF receptor-associated factor.
